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• W198434608 abstract "How Nations Grow Rich: The Case for Free Trade Melvyn Krauss Oxford University Press, New York, 1997 140 pages, $22.50, hardback Melvyn Krauss's credentials are solid as an economist and supporter of free market. A for free is fully in keeping with a major thrust of much thinking on both left and right today. The predominant public philosophy of established opinion throughout world now supports the global marketplace. It is possible to say this despite most nations' and regions' throwing up trade barriers of one type or another as they seek to serve their local interests. The prevailing ideology leads, at least, to a ubiquitous lipservice supporting free trade. This book is an excellent primer summarizing free trade position. Nevertheless, there is much to criticize: 1. The argumentation is ideological rather than reflective. 2. Little respect is given to opposing views. 3. Although Krauss argues that economic science and value judgments are to be kept separate, he nevertheless draws a good many value judgments, all of them making the consumer sole standard and willing to sacrifice other values such as a given nation's well-being or economic viability of millions of people within a given country (most notably, for our purposes, United States). 4. Much of his case is out of date, or soon will be, in light of rapidly emerging world realities. Let's look at each of these: Ideological Argumentation Krauss's text is true to its name, the case for.... It is essentially similar to a lawyer's brief for a client, in that thoughts are marshalled for their supportive value rather than as concepts to be objectively considered. This makes book a polemic rather than a scholarly discussion. There is, of course, room in world for polemics; but it is vitally important to realize distinction between polemics and scholarship. An example comes when Krauss defends Japanese acquisition of U.S. assets with a non sequitur. His sought-for conclusion is that foreign ownership is no threat. In support of this, he tells how those investments have been unprofitable to Japanese themselves. But this is inappropriate evidence for his conclusion, since unprofitability at given time tells us nothing about foreign-owned assets' profitability in general. A similar opportunistic marshalling of arguments is evident when he seeks support for his position that North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is not causing United States to lower its environmental standards. His supporting premise: that, under NAFTA, United States is exporting its pollution-creating industries to Mexico. No one concerned about environment would consider that a plus, but idea that polluters are moving from United States to Mexico (because of its lower standards) allows Krauss to bolster his main point. Here, he is willing to support an argument by undergirding it with something quite ridiculous. He does same thing when he argues that NAFTA will help curtail flow of illegal Mexican immigrants to United States. Oh, good!, conservatives will be inclined to say. But how is flow to be stanched? By wages of unskilled workers in United States being bid downward and those of unskilled workers in Mexico upward! As in expression any port in a storm, Krauss seems ready to use argument to support a desired conclusion. Lack of Respect for Opposing Views As with so much free-trade literature, opposing views are demonized, eliminating need to discuss them seriously. Thus, protectionists are master spinmeisters who engage in the big lie. Most specifically, points that Pat Buchanan made during his 1996 campaign are written off with a reference to the Buchanan knownothing Right. Reason...may not be Pat Buchanan's forte. …" @default.
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