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• W1984361543 abstract "Human chorionic somatomammotropin (CS) and placental growth hormone variant (GH-V) act as metabolic adaptors in response to maternal insulin resistance, which occurs in “normal” pregnancy. Maternal obesity can exacerbate this “resistance,” suggesting that CS, GH-V, or transcription factors that regulate their production might be targets. The human CS genes, hCS-A and hCS-B, flank the GH-V gene. A significant decrease in pre-term placental CS/GH-V RNA levels was observed in transgenic mice containing the CS/GH-V genes in a model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced maternal obesity. Similarly, a decrease in CS/GH-V RNA levels was detected in term placentas from obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2) versus lean (BMI 20–25 kg/m2) women. A specific decrease in transcription factor CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) RNA levels was also seen with obesity; C/EBPβ is required for mouse placenta development and is expressed, like CS and GH-V, in syncytiotrophoblasts. Binding of C/EBPβ to the CS gene downstream enhancer regions, which by virtue of their position distally flank the GH-V gene, was reduced in placenta chromatin from mice on a HFD and in obese women; a corresponding decrease in RNA polymerase II associated with CS/GH-V promoters was also observed. Detection of decreased endogenous CS/GH-V RNA levels in human placental tumor cells treated with C/EBPβ siRNA is consistent with a direct effect. These data provide evidence for CS/GH-V dysregulation in acute HFD-induced obesity in mouse pregnancy and chronic obesity in human pregnancy and implicate C/EBPβ, a factor associated with CS regulation and placental development.Background: Effect of maternal obesity on metabolically important human placental growth hormone (CS and GH-V) gene expression has not been studied.Results: CS, GH-V, and C/EBPβ, a factor that binds CS-related enhancer chromatin, are decreased by maternal obesity.Conclusion: C/EBPβ is a target for maternal obesity that negatively affects placental CS/GH-V gene expression.Significance: Genes regulated by C/EBPβ, a placenta development factor, are targeted in pregnancies complicated by obesity. Human chorionic somatomammotropin (CS) and placental growth hormone variant (GH-V) act as metabolic adaptors in response to maternal insulin resistance, which occurs in “normal” pregnancy. Maternal obesity can exacerbate this “resistance,” suggesting that CS, GH-V, or transcription factors that regulate their production might be targets. The human CS genes, hCS-A and hCS-B, flank the GH-V gene. A significant decrease in pre-term placental CS/GH-V RNA levels was observed in transgenic mice containing the CS/GH-V genes in a model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced maternal obesity. Similarly, a decrease in CS/GH-V RNA levels was detected in term placentas from obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2) versus lean (BMI 20–25 kg/m2) women. A specific decrease in transcription factor CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) RNA levels was also seen with obesity; C/EBPβ is required for mouse placenta development and is expressed, like CS and GH-V, in syncytiotrophoblasts. Binding of C/EBPβ to the CS gene downstream enhancer regions, which by virtue of their position distally flank the GH-V gene, was reduced in placenta chromatin from mice on a HFD and in obese women; a corresponding decrease in RNA polymerase II associated with CS/GH-V promoters was also observed. Detection of decreased endogenous CS/GH-V RNA levels in human placental tumor cells treated with C/EBPβ siRNA is consistent with a direct effect. These data provide evidence for CS/GH-V dysregulation in acute HFD-induced obesity in mouse pregnancy and chronic obesity in human pregnancy and implicate C/EBPβ, a factor associated with CS regulation and placental development. Background: Effect of maternal obesity on metabolically important human placental growth hormone (CS and GH-V) gene expression has not been studied. Results: CS, GH-V, and C/EBPβ, a factor that binds CS-related enhancer chromatin, are decreased by maternal obesity. Conclusion: C/EBPβ is a target for maternal obesity that negatively affects placental CS/GH-V gene expression. Significance: Genes regulated by C/EBPβ, a placenta development factor, are targeted in pregnancies complicated by obesity." @default.
• W1984361543 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1984361543 creator A5058735689 @default.
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• W1984361543 date "2013-08-01" @default.
• W1984361543 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
• W1984361543 title "CCAAT-enhancer-binding Protein β (C/EBPβ) and Downstream Human Placental Growth Hormone Genes Are Targets for Dysregulation in Pregnancies Complicated by Maternal Obesity" @default.
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• W1984361543 doi "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m113.474999" @default.
• W1984361543 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3829368" @default.
• W1984361543 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23782703" @default.
• W1984361543 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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