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- W1986403609 abstract "Human choline dehydrogenase (CHD) is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria primarily in liver and kidney and catalyzes the oxidation of choline to glycine betaine. Its physiological role is to regulate the concentrations of choline and glycine betaine in the blood and cells. Choline is important for regulation of gene expression, the biosynthesis of lipoproteins and membrane phospholipids and for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine; glycine betaine plays important roles as a primary intracellular osmoprotectant and as methyl donor for the biosynthesis of methionine from homocysteine, a required step for the synthesis of the ubiquitous methyl donor S-adenosyl methionine. Recently, CHD has generated considerable medical attention due to its association with various human pathologies, including male infertility, homocysteinuria, breast cancer and metabolic syndrome. Despite the renewed interest, the biochemical characterization of the enzyme has lagged behind due to difficulties in the obtainment of purified, active and stable enzyme. This review article summarizes the medical relevance and the physiological roles of human CHD, highlights the biochemical knowledge on the enzyme, and provides an analysis based on the comparison of the protein sequence with that of bacterial choline oxidase, for which structural and biochemical information is available." @default.
- W1986403609 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1986403609 creator A5032766595 @default.
- W1986403609 creator A5087771866 @default.
- W1986403609 date "2013-09-01" @default.
- W1986403609 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
- W1986403609 title "Human choline dehydrogenase: Medical promises and biochemical challenges" @default.
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- W1986403609 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2013.07.018" @default.
- W1986403609 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7094428" @default.
- W1986403609 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23906661" @default.
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