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• W1986647966 abstract "No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Jan 1996Effects of Long-Term Cocaine Exposure on Spermatogenesis and Fertility in Peripubertal Male Rats Valal K. George, Haikun Li, Claudio Teloken, David J. Grignon, W. Dwayne Lawrence, and C.B. Dhabuwala Valal K. GeorgeValal K. George More articles by this author , Haikun LiHaikun Li More articles by this author , Claudio TelokenClaudio Teloken More articles by this author , David J. GrignonDavid J. Grignon More articles by this author , W. Dwayne LawrenceW. Dwayne Lawrence More articles by this author , and C.B. DhabuwalaC.B. Dhabuwala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)66654-0AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of long-term administration of cocaine on spermatogenesis and fertility in adult male rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were given cocaine hydro-chloride (15 mg./kg. body weight, corresponding to an average single dose for a heavy cocaine user) either daily or twice weekly (weekend group, cocaine given on Saturday and Sunday) and mated with pregnancy-proven female rats after 100 and 150 days of exposure to the drug. Pregnancy rates and litter birth weights were evaluated. Serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels were measured in all adult rats. Morphologic analysis of the testis entailed the evaluation of quantitative and qualitative histologic parameters to assess the effect of cocaine on various stages of spermatogenesis. Results: After 100 days of treatment, the rats receiving daily cocaine had a pregnancy rate of only 33 percent versus 86 percent for the controls (p less than 0.05). In rats exposed to cocaine for 150 days the pregnancy rate was 50 percent compared with 100 percent for controls (p less than 0.05). The birth weights of offspring from the group receiving daily cocaine was 10 percent less than that of controls (p less than 0.05). The weight of the testis and epididymis was not affected by cocaine exposure. Morphometric analysis showed significant differences between the cocaine-treated groups (both the daily cocaine and twice weekly cocaine groups) and their respective controls. The mean diameter of seminiferous tubules in the daily and twice weekly cocaine groups was reduced when compared with their respective controls. These differences between treated groups and their controls were statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Similarly the thickness of the germinal epithelium was less in the cocaine-treated groups than in the controls (p less than 0.05). Degenerating cells were more numerous in both daily and twice weekly cocaine groups than the controls. Furthermore, the number of step VII spermatids was reduced in both daily and twice weekly cocaine groups, a difference that was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that chronic administration of cocaine to peripubertal male rats has a profound effect on their testicular function. Even with twice weekly administration there was a significant adverse effect on spermatogenesis although this was not manifested by diminished fertility in this group. These findings confirm that chronic administration of cocaine to male rats can have a deleterious effect on spermatogenesis and fertility. References 1 : Cocaine Abuse: New Directions in Treatment and Research.. New York: Bruner/Mazel1987: xiii. Google Scholar 2 : National household survey on drug abuse: population estimates 1985. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration1987. Google Scholar 3 : “Crack” use by American middle class adolescent polydrug abusers. J. Pediatr.1991; 118: 150. Google Scholar 4 : Crack cocaine use in Canada. A new epidemic?. Am. J. Epidemiol.1988; 127: 1315. Google Scholar 5 : Paternal pregestational opiate exposure in male mice: neuroendocrine deficits in their offspring. Res. Commun. Subst. Abuse.1987; 8: 109. Google Scholar 6 : Paternal alcohol consumption in the rat impairs spatial learning performance in male offspring. Psychopharmacology1991; 43: 74. Google Scholar 7 : Demonstration of specific binding sites of cocaine to human spermatozoa. J.A.M.A.1991; 266: 1959. Google Scholar 8 : Affinity labeling of hormone specific proteins. Endocr. Rev.1987; 8: 154. Google Scholar 9 : Cocaine: distribution and metabolism in animals. In Cocaine and Other Stimulants.. In: . Edited by . New York and London: Plenum Press1977: 215. Google Scholar 10 : Gender-related differences in cocaine toxicity in the rat. J. Lab. Clin. Med.1993; 122: 157. Google Scholar 11 : Association of cocaine use with sperm concentration, motility and morphology. Fertil. Steril.1990; 53: 315. Google Scholar 12 : The effect of cocaine on sperm motility characteristics and bovine cervical mucus penetration. Fertil. Steril.1992; 57: 178. Google Scholar 13 : Effects of cocaine hydrochloride on reproductive function and sexual behavior of male rats and on the behavior of their offspring. J. Androl.1989; 10: 17. Google Scholar 14 : Cocaine disrupts estrous cyclicity and alters the reproductive neuroendocrine axis in rats. Neuroendocrinology1990; 51: 15. Google Scholar 15 : Estimation of nuclear population from microtome sections. Anat. Rec.1946; 94: 239. Google Scholar 16 : Histopathology of the testis. In: Histological and Histopathological Evaluation of the Testis. Clearwater, Florida: Cache River Press1994: 212. chapt. 6. Google Scholar 17 : Changes in testosterone levels in the rat following intraperitoneal cocaine HCL. Int. J. Neuroscience1980; 2: 139. Google Scholar 18 : Properties of a cocaine binding protein identified in human villus tissue. Placenta1989; 10: 480. Google Scholar 19 : Effect of cocaine and its metabolite, benzoleecognine on the transferrin secreation of rat Sertoli cells. J. Urol1994; . abstract 147. Google Scholar Departments of Urology and Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.© 1996 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByLI H, JIANG Y, RAJPURKAR A, DUNBAR J and DHABUWALA C (2018) COCAINE INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN RAT TESTESJournal of Urology, VOL. 162, NO. 1, (213-216), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1999.Li H, George V, Crossland W, Anderson G and Dhabuwala C (2018) Characterization of Cocaine Binding Sites in the Rat TestesJournal of Urology, VOL. 158, NO. 3, (962-965), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1997. Volume 155Issue 1January 1996Page: 327-331 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1996 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Valal K. George More articles by this author Haikun Li More articles by this author Claudio Teloken More articles by this author David J. Grignon More articles by this author W. Dwayne Lawrence More articles by this author C.B. Dhabuwala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ..." @default.
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