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• W1987712481 abstract "THE use of contrast media is a well established and necessary adjunct to the roentgen examination of many parts of the body. It is desirable that such media should be safe, reliable, simple in application, and readily available. For general purposes, substances of high contrast are preferable, especially in the examination of thick or dense parts of the body. Substances of high atomic weight such as thorium, iodine, bromine, and their derivatives or compounds are commonly used. Substances of low contrast, such as dilute preparations of the above named elements and, various gases are often unsatisfactory because slight variations in their thickness (indicating the presence of organic lesions) may easily be overlooked. In the investigation of diseases of the spinal cord and spinal canal, one of the safest and most satisfactory opaque media yet developed is iodized poppy seed oil (lipiodol), containing 54 per cent iodine in combination. By the use of this medium, Camp (4), Robinson (19), and many others (9, 10) have shown that diseases of the spinal cord and associated tissues can frequently be discovered when all other diagnostic methods, including pneumomyelography, have failed. Such an opaque medium is, therefore, of great value and, if safe, its use should be approved, at least until a superior one has been developed. Since iodized poppy seed oil remains in the cerebrospinal system once it has been injected into the subarachnoid space, its mere presence has been held to blame for innumerable symptoms which patients with organic disease of the spinal column or spinal cord have developed subsequent to its injection (6, 15, 16). Well known physicians have stated that, “the use of lipiodol in outlining the lumbocaudal sac and in locating the level of a complete block is unjustified” (25). “Due to the likelihood of bad effects, we have attempted to substitute air for lipiodol” (26). “Of all the complications (of spinal canal lesions) the worst is the presence of iodized oil as shown by the x-ray films” (25). In view of these astounding, and in our opinion erroneous, statements, it is believed that the clinical and pathologic reactions attributed to lipiodol should be reviewed, and the status of its alleged harmful effects brought up to date. Experimental Observations Experimental work on animals was reported by Ayer and Mixter (1) in 1924. Using large doses of iodized sesame oil (in amounts approximately five times as great as conventional amounts used in humans), they found high spinal fluid cell counts following cisternal injection. Davis, Haven, and Stone (6), in 1930, reported the results of intracisternal injection of lipiodol in 10 dogs. In eight of them they found a severe leptomeningeal reaction and concluded that the injection of iodized oil into the subarachnoid space was a dangerous procedure. They did not report the findings in control dogs." @default.
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• W1987712481 date "1940-10-01" @default.
• W1987712481 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W1987712481 title "The Effect of Iodized Oil on the Meninges of the Spinal Cord and Brain" @default.
• W1987712481 doi "https://doi.org/10.1148/35.4.467" @default.
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