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• W1988406867 abstract "Abstract Dinitrogen (N 2 ) fixation was measured for two bean cultivars, ‘Aurora’ and ‘Kentwood’, in a 2‐year field experiment, at four growth stages and two levels (10 and 40 kg ha −1 ) of fertilizer N 1 as Ca(NO 3 )2. Both 15 N isotope dilution and modulation parameters were used to determine if nitrogenase activity at these growth stages could explain Aurora's superiority in symbiotic N 2 fixation. Nodules were actively reducing C 2 H 2 at the first trifoliate stage and acetylene‐reducing activity (ARA) increased until anthesis or various stages of pod filling, depending on the cultivar and the year. The addition of fertilizer N at 40 kg ha −1 did not alter the pattern of ARA over time although nitrogenase activity was affected. Although nodules were reducing low levels of C 2 H 2 at physiological maturity, no activity was observed at harvest maturity. Acetylene‐reducing activity peak activities of 120 and 151 nmol C 2 H 4 min −1 plant −1 for Aurora and 69 and 192 nmol C 2 H 4 min −1 plant −1 for Kentwood in 1981 and 1982, respectively, were similar to values observed for other temperate zone beans. Only a single peak of ARA was observed. The two bean cultivars received similar proportions of their plant N requirements from the atmosphere, averaging 72% in 1981 but only 54% in the cooler year, 1982. Plants apparently had the ability to alter their assimilation of different N sources (air, soil, and fertilizer) to compensate for the lower %Ndfa in the cooler year, 1982. Soil and fertilizer N uptake was particularly important to plant yield in early growth stages until N2 fixation was actively established. Aurora fixed 124 and 114 kg N ha −1 (at the 10 kg N ha −1 rate) and 124 and 100 kg N ha −1 (40 kg N ha −1 ) in 1981 and 1982, respectively. Kentwood fixed 70 and 97 kg N ha −1 (10 kg N ha −1 ) and 93 and 79 kg N ha −1 (40 kg N ha −1 ) in 1981 and 1982. This superiority of Aurora was due to a longer vegetative phase supporting N 2 fixation. The ARA severely underestimated N 2 fixation (as determined by 15 N‐isotope dilution) and we believe that N 2 fixation in beans has been underrated solely because of the inadequacies of ARA. ‘Galt’ barley served as an excellent non‐fixing control plant for 15 N isotope dilution to measure N 2 fixation in these bean cultivars because its pattern of assimilating N from the soils was similar to that of the beans at all growth stages." @default.
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• W1988406867 date "1984-01-01" @default.
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• W1988406867 title "15 N‐Determined Time Course for N 2 Fixation in Two Cultivars of Field Bean 1" @default.
• W1988406867 doi "https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1984.00021962007600010035x" @default.
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