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- W1988551107 abstract "Background: Although gonadotropins are the primary regulators of follicular development, it is now clear that cytokines produced by the ovary act by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms to modulate (either by amplification or attenuation) gonadotropin function. GM-CSF has been localized in the ovary with the most prominent follicular site of GM-CSF mRNA and protein synthesis being the theca-interstitial layer. Evidence indicating a functional role for GM-CSF in ovarian follicular cell function is provided by studies with GM-CSF knockout (GM−/−) mice, which showed that GM-CSF influences events associated with follicular maturation in mice. Objective: To examine the effects of exogenous GM-CSF on follicular development in vivo in the immature rat. Materials and Methods: Immature rats were treated with daily i.p. injections of 0.1 μg/rat recombinant rat GM-CSF. The controls were given FSH (10 IU) or saline. All rats were injected for 5 days. After treatment, one ovary was fixed and sectioned for follicle counting. Total RNA was extracted for ovarian tissue and ran RT-PCR for CYP17 mRNA expression analysis. Differences in ovarian weight and the number of follicles between treatment groups were evaluated by ANOVA. Significant differences were assigned at p < 0.05. Results: 1. Ovarian weight of the group treated with GM-CSF for 5 days was increased by 7% compared with the saline treatment group (p < 0.05); 2. Treatment with GM-CSF increased the number of large preantral follicles by 4.4 fold (P < 0.05). However, no effect of GM-CSF on primary follicles and primordial follicles were observed (P > 0.05). 3. After GM-CSF treatment for 5 days, CYP17 mRNA levels were increased by 10-fold compared to the control group (saline). Conclusion: We have shown that in vivo GM-CSF treatment promotes preantral follicle development, as well as increases ovarian expression of CYP17, a marker specific for theca cells. These findings indicate that GM-CSF plays a role in the differentiation and maturation of follicular cells, perhaps through a mechanism involving the theca-interstitial cell population." @default.
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- W1988551107 date "2003-04-01" @default.
- W1988551107 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W1988551107 title "Treatment with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor promotes in vivo follicular development of immature rat" @default.
- W1988551107 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00095-5" @default.
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