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- W1989596101 abstract "Lieberman, McIntosh, & Thomas (1979) found that presenting a brief salient stimulus can facilitate long delay learning in the T-maze by marking choice responses in memory, but Urcuioli and Kasprow (1988) have recently reported a partial failure to replicate our original finding. We identify procedural differences which might explain the discrepancies and then conduct a wider ranging review of the evidence which has convinced us that marking is a reliable and robust phenomenon. We also recount some of the problems we have encountered in developing well-controlled, fully automated procedures for studying marking. For operant learning, the major design problems centered on controlling for the confounding effects of secondary reinforcement and of adventitious reinforcement of choice responses repeated during the delay. For Pavlovian conditioning, ultimate success depended on the identification of adequately salient stimuli that could be presented as markers following key light-conditioned stimuli in a trace autoshaping procedure. Experiments in which these technical problems have been resolved have yielded data which cannot be explained with previously established principles of learning and consequently require the postulation of additional mechanisms, such as marking." @default.
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- W1989596101 date "1990-02-01" @default.
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- W1989596101 title "Commentary: Determinants of success and failure in experiments on marking" @default.
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- W1989596101 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0023-9690(90)90007-b" @default.
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