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- W1989725677 abstract "Extracts of Blackstone oil shale from Kimmeridge, Dorset, were fractionated by column chromatography. The hydrocarbon and asphaltene fractions inhibited the settlement of Balanus balanoides and Elminius modestus when applied as thin films to slate panels. The metalloporphyrin fraction and the crude unfractionated oil shale extract promoted barnacle settlement. The metalloporphyrin fraction was further separated by thin-layer chromatography (t. l. c.) into three bands. Two of the bands were identified by ultraviolet spectroscopy as nickel- and vanadium-chelated porphyrins, the other band is as yet unidentified. All three bands were isolated, finally purified by t. l. c. and found to promote cyprid settlement. Bioassays were also performed with commercially available protoporphyrin IX dimethyl ester. Neither the unchelated free base nor the acid formed on hydrolysis promoted cyprid settlement, but when the ester was chelated with nickel, vanadium, ferrous or magnesium ions, all four of the metalloporphyrins significantly increased settlement of B . balanoides cyprids. Commercial and oil shale metalloporphyrins formed from divalent ions induced maximum cyprid settlement at a surface density of 0.5 g m -2 whereas the oil shale vanadium metalloporphyrins, which in crude oil are normally pentavalent, induced maximum cyprid settlement at 1.0 g m -2 . Higher surface densities of metalloporphyrins generally reduced the stimulation to settle." @default.
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- W1989725677 date "1985-07-22" @default.
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- W1989725677 title "Influence of oil shale on intertidal organisms: isolation and characterization of metalloporphyrins that induce the settlement of <i>Balanus balanoides</i> and <i>Elminius modestus</i>" @default.
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- W1989725677 doi "https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1985.0053" @default.
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