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- W1990140550 abstract "With globalization of trade, understanding unethical conduct from a cross-national perspective is becoming more important. We acknowledge past cross-cultural ethics research based primarily on national culture models à la Hofstede and develop a complementary model based on social institutions. Given the wide popularity of social institutions for cross-national explanations in the field of sociology, political science, and economics, we develop hypotheses relating several important social institutions (political system, industrialization, social inequality, religion, education) to managers' justifications of unethical behaviors (e.g., accepting bribes, lying in own interest). We hypothesize that managers in socialistic countries have lower justifications of unethical behaviors. We also propose that managers in countries with high social inequality have higher justifications of unethical behaviors. We posit that managers in more industrialized countries and more religious countries have lower justifications of unethical behaviors. Finally, we also argue that managers in countries with more accessible education have higher justifications of unethical behaviors. Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling, a technique well suited for cross-level studies, we test our hypotheses on data from 3450 managers located in 28 countries. The results provide support for three of our hypotheses (i.e., social inequality, industrialization, and education). We discuss some possible explanations for our surprising findings for socialism and religion. We also discuss some of the important theoretical contributions of our study and the crucial necessity of international management researchers to go beyond national culture models when explaining cross-national differences. Finally, we also provide some valuable guidelines for appropriate ethical behaviors for managers." @default.
- W1990140550 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1990140550 date "2002-08-01" @default.
- W1990140550 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W1990140550 title "MANAGERS' JUSTIFICATIONS OF UNETHICAL BEHAVIORS: A 28 NATION SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS APPROACH." @default.
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- W1990140550 doi "https://doi.org/10.5465/apbpp.2002.7516861" @default.
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