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• W1990289324 abstract "Summary This paper describes a test of thermal numerical simulation. A three phase, three dimensional, numerical simulator duplicates reasonably well a complex laboratory steam drive. The laboratory steam drive was in a glass bead pack and was conducted at subatmospheric pressures. Since the matched steam drive was a laboratory one, much of the basic input data to the simulator was measured. The simulator used injection rate and reservoir pressure as input variables and calculated gross pressure as input variables and calculated gross production, oil production, injection pressure and production, oil production, injection pressure and steam zone position as output variables. There is a close match between the simulator output and the experimental results. Introduction Laboratory models are commonly used to simulate the behavior of a reservoir during thermal recovery operations.' The emphasis is now shifting to numerical simulation for field design and monitoring. The reasons for this shift are that our numerical simulation offers live oil capability, is more flexible in investigating changes of parameters, permits observation of all process variables, and permits observation of all process variables, and requires less manpower. Furthermore, they do not depend on scaling rules, which must be compromised. It is not possible to meet all the scaling rules with available materials. However, we are also concerned with the reliability of numerical simulation. We have potential problems resulting from relatively large finite problems resulting from relatively large finite blocks, notably numerical dispersion and grid orientation. We recently had the chance to test thermal simulation in a unique manner as we attempted to duplicate the results of a laboratory steam drive. We used a three phase, three dimensional numerical simulator to duplicate the laboratory model experiment. The laboratory model experiment selected for the test was one of a series representing the Peace River tar sands, Alberta, Canada. This series was used to compare potential steam drive techniques to produce these sands. The experiment included (1) an initial normal steam drive, (2) production well steam soaking, (3) two pressure production well steam soaking, (3) two pressure cycle steam drives, and (4) a final blowdown without steam injection. As such, it is an extensive test of the simulator. It should be noted that the simulator is used to duplicate the actual physical model experiment, not a scaled up prototype of the experiment. Vacuum Models The physical model experiment used a vacuum model. A schematic drawing of a vacuum model is given in Figure 1. This particular model represents a double element of symmetry for a full scale, confined, seven spot pattern. The model is made from a rigid plastic frame shaped as an equilateral triangular tray. Glass beads are packed in this tray to represent the reservoir. Layers of different sized beads effect layers of different permeability and porosity. When the beads are permeability and porosity. When the beads are packed in, the frame is sealed with a transparent packed in, the frame is sealed with a transparent Teflon film. At partial vacuum, the film is sucked in and holds tight the unconsolidated bead pack. The glass bead pack rests on a glass or concrete base. A glass caprock is then placed over the frame. The sides are insulated. The insulation is removed from time to time, and the steam zone position is observed through glass portholes. The glass caprock also permits visual examination of the steam zone. In addition, the reservoir heating is recorded continuously. Thermocouples are imbedded at selected locations throughout the model. During the experiment, the operators can see. or measure fluid injection and production rates, pressures, temperatures, and approximate position pressures, temperatures, and approximate position of the steam zone. Peace River Model Peace River Model The Peace River model consists of two bead layers. The lower layer was some five times more permeable than the upper layer. To prepare the permeable than the upper layer. To prepare the model for an experiment, the operators first saturated the beads with water." @default.
• W1990289324 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1990289324 date "1980-04-20" @default.
• W1990289324 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W1990289324 title "A Check On Numerical Thermal Simulation" @default.
• W1990289324 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/8822-ms" @default.
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