FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W1990517812> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W1990517812 endingPage "115" @default.
• W1990517812 startingPage "107" @default.
• W1990517812 abstract "CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMOPREVENTION: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS GERALD M. LOWER, JR.* and MARTY S. KANAREKi Human cancer continues to be a problem of significant importance that has, widi few exceptions, tended to evade both preventive and therapeutic approaches to control over the past 3 decades. Perhaps because many human cancers, particularly those involving epithelial tissues , are causally related to culture-mediated chemical exposures [1,2] (e.g., tobacco smoke, diet, occupation) and perhaps because of apparent difficulties in prevention through the modification of cultural behavior and the minimization of human exposures, considerable recent emphasis has been placed on approaches to the chemoprevention of these lesions [3-7]. In the comprehension of approaches to cancer control, it is usually useful to consider both what a thing is and what it is not. In general, chemoprevention has been portrayed as preclinical intervention directed at preventing the clinical emergence.of symptomatic disease, as opposed to direct intervention with exposures to causal agents or with frankly malignant lesions. In other words, chemoprevention is not classical prevention nor is it a posteriori therapeutic intervention in the traditional sense. Chemoprevention, then, presumes exposure to causal agents and represents intervention with biological mechanisms underlying the process of carcinogenesis prior to clinical manifestation. In developing a basis for an analysis of chemoprevention from common conceptual perspectives, it is necessary to refer briefly to the natural history ofthe human epithelial cancers. The natural history ofdisease in general [8] and the neoplastic diseases in particular [9] is divided conceptually into two portions, causal disease process leading to the initial Supported by contract NO1-CP-75905 from the National Cancer Institute and by die College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison. Center for Human Systems, Institute for Environmental Studies, University ofWisconsin , WARF Building, 610 Walnut Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. tDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University ofWisconsin, 504 Walnut Street, Madison , Wisconsin 53706.© 1982 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 0031-5982/83/2601-0288S01.00 Perspectives in Biology and Mediane, 26, 1 ¦ Autumn 1982 | 107 bodily responses and effectual disease process leading to die manifestation of symptomatic disease, clinical course, and final outcome. With the epitiielial cancers, comprising about 90 percent of human cancers, the initial responses (or initial causal events) are generally viewed as taking place at the molecular level in basal epithelial cells, are referred to as initiation, and separate causality from effectual course [10]. In mechanistic terms, causal disease process in human cancer (e.g., tobacco-diet-occupation-related cancers) takes place in the human external environment with mechanisms of carcinogen formation (e.g., pyrolytic synthesis, natural biosynthesis, industrial synthesis) and mechanisms of environmental vector transport (e.g., tobacco smoke, diet, industrial contamination) (fig. 1). Then, with human exposure, causal disease process moves to the human internal environment and physiological/metabolic mechanisms of carcinogen biotransport, activation , and detoxication; all of which have the effect of determining the availability of ultimate carcinogenic (electrophilic) metabolites involved in the interaction with critical cellular macromolecules. Causal disease process, then, includes carcinogen formation, vector transport, physiologic/metabolic modulation, and interaction leading to initiation. CHEMICALLY- INDUCED HUMAN CANCER ? ·¦ INTERVENTION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCE __________OF CARCINOGENIC HAZARD_____________ ABANDONMENT OF CARCINOGEN MANUFACTURE ABANDONMENT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES YIELDING CARCINOGENS AS A BY- PRODUCT INTERVENTION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT _____________AND HUMAN EXPOSURE______________ ABANDONMENT OF CARCINOGEN USE ABANDONMENT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES YIELDING EXPOSURE TO NATURALLY OCCURINGCARCINOGENS INTERVENTION WITH CARCINOGEN ACTIVATION INHIBITION OF ACTIVATION ENZYMES STIMULATION OF DETOXICATION ENZYMES INTERVENTION WITH REACTIVE ELECTROPHILES TITRATION OF ELECTROPHILES (SCAVENGING) WITH LOW- MOLECULAR WEIGHT NUCLEOPHILES INTERVENTION WITH GENOMIC DAMAGE ? STIMULATION OF REPAIR MECHANISMS INITIATION Fig. 1.—Approaches to preventive intervention o iz ui > UJ tt CL Ul CC a. o S ? ? ? 108 I Gerald M. Lower,Jr., and Marty S. Kanarek · Chemoprevention It is generally acknowledged that carcinogenesis of epithelial tissues is a multistep process in which the various stages of the process are represented by a series of discrete changes in the basal epithelial cell that cumulatively result in the preferred growth ofa malignant clone; hence, the long and dose-related latent period. In this multistep process, initiation (the first irreversible causal event) [10] is probably a genomic mutation involving the chemical modification of DNA, and all of the further..." @default.
• W1990517812 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1990517812 creator A5012085635 @default.
• W1990517812 creator A5067771779 @default.
• W1990517812 date "1982-01-01" @default.
• W1990517812 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W1990517812 title "Conceptual Foundations of Chemoprevention: A Critical Analysis" @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1224318197 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1481679918 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1574677842 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1619831032 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1931451119 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1940635259 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1965175223 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1968509710 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W1998585247 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2013305251 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2013363449 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2019722657 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2021040121 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2023250530 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2048121675 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2056651827 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2058922431 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2076866455 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2125429880 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2132033735 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2291041313 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2401198470 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2401986093 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2409542205 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2412908320 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W2474592179 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W580221234 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W7464347 @default.
• W1990517812 cites W150806095 @default.
• W1990517812 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.1982.0013" @default.
• W1990517812 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7188075" @default.
• W1990517812 hasPublicationYear "1982" @default.
• W1990517812 type Work @default.
• W1990517812 sameAs 1990517812 @default.
• W1990517812 citedByCount "3" @default.
• W1990517812 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W1990517812 hasAuthorship W1990517812A5012085635 @default.
• W1990517812 hasAuthorship W1990517812A5067771779 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C118552586 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C121608353 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C126322002 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C142724271 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C15744967 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C2779134260 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C2780234812 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C2780665704 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C41895202 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C511192102 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C118552586 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C121608353 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C126322002 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C138885662 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C142724271 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C15744967 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C2779134260 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C2780234812 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C2780665704 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C41895202 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C511192102 @default.
• W1990517812 hasConceptScore W1990517812C71924100 @default.
• W1990517812 hasIssue "1" @default.
• W1990517812 hasLocation W19905178121 @default.
• W1990517812 hasLocation W19905178122 @default.
• W1990517812 hasOpenAccess W1990517812 @default.
• W1990517812 hasPrimaryLocation W19905178121 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W1899936169 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W2082482010 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W2365364931 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W2369780561 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W2418638721 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W2748952813 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W2765379856 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W2899084033 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W4231534512 @default.
• W1990517812 hasRelatedWork W4237186264 @default.
• W1990517812 hasVolume "26" @default.
• W1990517812 isParatext "false" @default.
• W1990517812 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W1990517812 magId "1990517812" @default.
• W1990517812 workType "article" @default.