Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W1991354920> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W1991354920 endingPage "253" @default.
- W1991354920 startingPage "240" @default.
- W1991354920 abstract "The construction of the new 56 km long Gotthard railway base tunnel in Switzerland opened a large number water conducting fractures and 122 water samples were collected along the Amsteg section of the tunnel and then chemically analyzed. The Amsteg section of the tunnel cuts across granites, gneisses and metarhyolites of the Alpine basement. The overburden of basement rocks above the tunnel axis is up to 2200 m thick with rock temperature reaching 45 °C. Sodium is the prime cation of most waters; calcium, potassium and magnesium are low to very low in concentration. The associated anions are carbonate/bicarbonate, sulfate and chloride in widely varying concentrations. High to ultra-high fluoride concentrations of up to 29 mg/L F and high pH values of up to 10.4 are significant properties of the waters. Six chemical types of water can be distinguished reflecting the different types of fractured rock present in the section. Most of the waters can be viewed as ternary mixtures of dissolved natrite (Na2CO3), thenardite (Na2SO4) and halite (NaCl). The geological and hydrogeological context suggests a meteoric origin of the waters. The unique water compositions and characteristics result from interaction with continental basement rocks along the flow path. The assemblage of major minerals of the different rocks is generally very similar, but the rocks differ with respect to minor minerals and accessories. Derived rock data suggest that dissolution and precipitation of calcite and fluorite, albite dissolution, leaching of salty inclusions, sulfide oxidation by CO2, alteration of biotite to chlorite, precipitation of stilbite and hematite are the important processes that create the observed water compositions. Although fracture water acquires its composition exclusively by chemical interaction with crystalline basement rocks with very similar mineral assemblages, the resulting waters are of great chemical variability." @default.
- W1991354920 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1991354920 creator A5027801565 @default.
- W1991354920 creator A5063950332 @default.
- W1991354920 creator A5089935688 @default.
- W1991354920 date "2012-12-01" @default.
- W1991354920 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W1991354920 title "Water deep inside the mountains: Unique water samples from the Gotthard rail base tunnel, Switzerland" @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1668770632 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1885631804 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1965935874 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1966557186 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1978609736 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1980695855 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1982401237 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1987558327 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1988385695 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W1999165439 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2004620632 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2005088468 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2011676173 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2020591144 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2034673502 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2039812153 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2044351282 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2057921967 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2058058535 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2059753596 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2076487828 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2077355099 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2079650581 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2084283421 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2087039164 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2090257905 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2093156723 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2106455488 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2151803280 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W2316745970 @default.
- W1991354920 cites W4376595558 @default.
- W1991354920 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.10.031" @default.
- W1991354920 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
- W1991354920 type Work @default.
- W1991354920 sameAs 1991354920 @default.
- W1991354920 citedByCount "25" @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202013 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202014 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202015 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202016 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202017 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202018 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202019 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202020 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202021 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202022 @default.
- W1991354920 countsByYear W19913549202023 @default.
- W1991354920 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W1991354920 hasAuthorship W1991354920A5027801565 @default.
- W1991354920 hasAuthorship W1991354920A5063950332 @default.
- W1991354920 hasAuthorship W1991354920A5089935688 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C109007969 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C114793014 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C127313418 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C151730666 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C167391731 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C171701179 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C17409809 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C178790620 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C185592680 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C187320778 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C199289684 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C26687426 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C2775859737 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C2777081348 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C2777844515 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C2779002002 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C2779870107 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C2780191791 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C2781113784 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConcept C76177295 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C109007969 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C114793014 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C127313418 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C151730666 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C167391731 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C171701179 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C17409809 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C178790620 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C185592680 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C187320778 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C199289684 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C26687426 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C2775859737 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C2777081348 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C2777844515 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C2779002002 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C2779870107 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C2780191791 @default.
- W1991354920 hasConceptScore W1991354920C2781113784 @default.