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• W1991776453 abstract "In Brief BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that hexokinase mitochondria association attenuates cell death, and that plasma glucose and insulin concentrations can influence clinical outcome. In the present study, we examined how different anesthetics per se affect these variables of glucose metabolism, i.e., under similar hemodynamic conditions and in the absence of major surgical stress. METHODS: In fed rats, the effects of pentobarbital (PENTO), isoflurane (ISO), sevoflurane (SEVO), ketamine-medetomidine-atropine (KMA), and sufentanil-propofol-morphine (SPM) on the cardiac cellular localization of hexokinase (HK) and levels of plasma glucose and insulin were determined and compared with values obtained in nonanesthetized animals (control). The role of mitochondrial and sarcolemmal KATP-channels and α2-adrenergic receptor in ISO-induced hyperglycemia was also evaluated. RESULTS: Mean arterial blood pressure was similar among the different anesthetic strategies. PENTO (5.3 ± 0.2 mM) and SPM (5.1 ± 0.2 mM) had no significant effect on plasma glucose when compared with control (5.6 ± 0.1 mM). All other anesthetics induced hyperglycemia: 7.4 ± 0.2 mM (SEVO), 9.9 ± 0.3 mM (ISO), and 14.8 ± 1.0 mM (KMA). Insulin concentrations were increased with PENTO (2.13 ± 0.13 ng/mL) when compared with control (0.59 ± 0.22 ng/mL), but were unaffected by the other anesthetics. Inhibition of the mitochondrial KATP channel (5-hydroxydecanoate acid) or the α2-adrenergic receptor (yohimbine) did not prevent ISO-induced hyperglycemia. Only the nonspecific KATP channel inhibitor glibenclamide was able to prevent hyperglycemia by ISO. Cytoslic HK relative to total HK increased in the following sequence: control (35.5% ± 2.1%), SEVO (35.5% ± 2.7%), ISO (36.6% ± 1.7%), PENTO (41.2% ± 2.0%; P = 0.082 versus control), SPM (43.0% ± 1.8%; P = 0.039 versus control), and KMA (46.6 ± 2.3%; P = 0.002 versus control). CONCLUSIONS: Volatile anesthetics and KMA induce hyperglycemia, which can be explained, at least partly, by impaired glucose-induced insulin release. The data indicate that the inhibition of insulin release by ISO is mediated by sarcolemmal KATP channel activation. The use of PENTO and SPM is not associated with hyperglycemia. SPM and KMA reduce the antiapoptotic association of HK with mitochondria. IMPLICATIONS: We examined how different anesthetics per se affect variables of glucose metabolism in nonfasted rats, i.e., under similar hemodynamic conditions and in the absence of major surgical stress. Our results indicate that choice of anesthetic strategies may be an important determinant whether, and to what degree, hyperglycemia develops." @default.
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• W1991776453 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W1991776453 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
• W1991776453 title "Anesthesia's Effects on Plasma Glucose and Insulin and Cardiac Hexokinase at Similar Hemodynamics and Without Major Surgical Stress in Fed Rats" @default.
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• W1991776453 doi "https://doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000297299.91527.74" @default.
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