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• W1992607648 abstract "Attempts to control bacterial pathogens have led to an increase in antibiotic-resistant cells and the genetic elements that confer resistance phenotypes. These cells and genes are disseminated simultaneously with the original selective agents via human waste streams. This might lead to a second, unintended consequence of antimicrobial therapy; an increase in the evolvability of all bacterial cells. The genetic variation upon which natural selection acts is a consequence of mutation, recombination and lateral gene transfer (LGT). These processes are under selection, balancing genomic integrity against the advantages accrued by genetic innovation. Saturation of the environment with selective agents might cause directional selection for higher rates of mutation, recombination and LGT, producing unpredictable consequences for humans and the biosphere. Attempts to control bacterial pathogens have led to an increase in antibiotic-resistant cells and the genetic elements that confer resistance phenotypes. These cells and genes are disseminated simultaneously with the original selective agents via human waste streams. This might lead to a second, unintended consequence of antimicrobial therapy; an increase in the evolvability of all bacterial cells. The genetic variation upon which natural selection acts is a consequence of mutation, recombination and lateral gene transfer (LGT). These processes are under selection, balancing genomic integrity against the advantages accrued by genetic innovation. Saturation of the environment with selective agents might cause directional selection for higher rates of mutation, recombination and LGT, producing unpredictable consequences for humans and the biosphere. cells that originate outside the ecosystem where they are currently found. cells indigenous to an ecosystem or location. an aggregation of microorganisms growing in a matrix of polysaccharide and protein on a solid substrate. when different resistance determinants on the same genetic element are all fixed via hitchhiking, owing to selection by exposure to any one selective agent. a system conferring acquired immunity in Bacteria and Archaea. DNA segments are captured from invading plasmids or bacteriophage and expressed upon re-invasion. The transcribed RNA binds to, and interferes with, the incoming foreign DNA. proteins located in cell membranes that are responsible for exporting toxic compounds from cells. the potential for lineages to generate novel genetic variation; affected by basal rates of mutation, recombination and LGT. a gene capture and expression system often found embedded in mobile elements, such as plasmids and transposons. the movement of genetic material between bacterial cells other than by vertical descent. a circular DNA that can replicate independently of the bacterial chromosome and can be transferred between both cells and species. a global response to DNA damage, resulting in transcriptional activation of genes for DNA repair and low-fidelity polymerases, among others. a DNA element that can move between locations in a host. novel DNA elements that have fixed in populations, largely as a result of human use of selective agents." @default.
• W1992607648 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1992607648 creator A5027405720 @default.
• W1992607648 creator A5055770757 @default.
• W1992607648 date "2012-06-01" @default.
• W1992607648 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
• W1992607648 title "Are humans increasing bacterial evolvability?" @default.
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• W1992607648 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2012.02.006" @default.
• W1992607648 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22459247" @default.
• W1992607648 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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