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• W1992802613 endingPage "3595" @default.
• W1992802613 startingPage "3579" @default.
• W1992802613 abstract "The Sumozero-Kenozero greenstone belt in the SE Baltic Shield is ∼400 km long and up to 50 km wide and includes two main units with a total thickness of ∼5 km. The lower unit consists of oceanic plateau-type submarine mafic-ultramafic lavas. The upper unit is made up of island arc-type volcanic BADR (basalt-andesite-dacite-rhyolite)-series rocks and adakite-series subvolcanic rhyolites. Both units are separated by major thrust zones from the 3.2 Ga TTG-gneisses of the Vodla Block microcontinent. Komatiites of the lower unit were derived from a liquid containing ∼30% MgO that erupted at a temperature of ∼1570°C. The komatiite liquid began melting at depths of 300–400 km in a mantle plume. The plume was 250°C hotter than the ambient mantle and had the thermal potential to produce oceanic crust with an average thickness of ∼35 km, which was at least in part unsubductable. The lower unit mafic-ultramafic lavas have high εNd(T) of +2.7 ± 0.3, relatively unradiogenic Pb isotope compositions (μ1 = 8.73 ± 0.20), are depleted in highly incompatible elements, and show Nb-maxima (Nb/Nb∗ = 1.2 ± 0.2, Nb/U = 43 ± 6). These parameters are similar to those found in a number of early Precambrian uncontaminated greenstones and in recent Pacific oceanic flood basalts (OFB). They are regarded as plume source characteristics. The BADR-series mafic-intermediate to felsic volcanic rocks and subvolcanic adakitic-series rhyolites from the upper unit have island arc geochemical signatures (enrichment in highly incompatible elements, large negative HFSE-anomalies, Nb/Nb∗ = 0.32 ± 0.10, Nb/U = 8.8 ± 2.5), but are characterized by high positive εNd(T) values of +2.4 ± 1.2, indistinguishable from the lower unit mafic-ultramafic sequences. They represent mantle wedge-derived and slab-derived melts, respectively, erupted in the inner and frontal parts of an intraoceanic island arc. U-Pb zircon age of 2875 ± 2 Ma for the upper unit BADR-series felsic volcanic rocks, and Pb-Pb and Sm-Nd ages of 2892 ± 130 and 2916 ± 117 Ma for the lower unit komatiites and basalts are in good agreement and correspond to the time of emplacement of both sequences. The Sumozero-Kenozero greenstone belt reveals the coexistence of fragments of unsubductable oceanic crust represented by the lower unit mafic-ultramafic volcanic sequences, and the products of subduction-related magmatism of the upper unit. This observation is reconciled within a single model implying that overthickened plume-generated oceanic crust was first intruded and overlain by mafic and intermediate-felsic melts coming from both subducting slab and overlying mantle wedge and, later on, accreted to and obducted onto the microcontinent of the Vodla Block." @default.
• W1992802613 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1992802613 date "1999-11-01" @default.
• W1992802613 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W1992802613 title "Combined mantle plume-island arc model for the formation of the 2.9 ga sumozero-kenozero greenstone belt, se baltic shield: isotope and trace element constraints" @default.
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• W1992802613 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7037(99)00111-8" @default.
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