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- W1993282016 abstract "Background Both active cigarette smoking and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are known risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN). The association between second-hand smoke (SHS) and CIN has not been conclusively determined. We conducted a community-based case–control study to estimate the relationship between SHS and CIN. Methods Potential study subjects were selected through Pap smear screening in Kaohsiung County, Taiwan. A total of 171 subjects with either their first case of inflammation (benign epithelial lesion) or ≥CIN1 by biopsy confirmation were assigned to a case group; 513 normal subjects with negative findings by Pap smears or biopsies were assigned to a control group. Results Non-smoking women exposed to more than 20 pack-years of cigarette smoke had a significantly greater risk of developing ≥CIN2 than unexposed non-smokers (adjusted OR=7.2, 95% CI=2.5–20.6). Among the women without HPV infections, the greater the severity of disease found in the groups (normal, inflammation, CIN1, to ≥CIN2), the more likely it was for the women to be exposed to SHS, a significant increasing trend (p=0.037). Conclusions In addition to HPV infection and active cigarette smoking, exposure to SHS is a major risk factor for CIN among Taiwanese women." @default.
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- W1993282016 date "2007-04-01" @default.
- W1993282016 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
- W1993282016 title "Lifetime cigarette smoke and second-hand smoke and cervical intraepithelial neoplasm—A community-based case–control study☆" @default.
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- W1993282016 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.11.012" @default.
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