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- W1994451872 abstract "Purpose To review the epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design Evidence from epidemiologic data regarding the natural history of AMD and its risk factors are presented. Results Large, soft drusen associated with pigmentary abnormalities increase the risk of progression to advanced AMD. Large soft drusen may fade over time. Advanced AMD is more likely to be present in whites than blacks, despite the similar prevalence of soft drusen in both groups. Neovascular AMD is more frequent than geographic atrophy in most population-based studies in whites in America, Australia, and the Netherlands than in similar population-based studies in Iceland and Norway. After age and family history, there are few consistent relationships of risk factors to AMD. Of these, the relationship of smoking, hypertension, and cataract surgery to advanced AMD have been most consistent. Conclusions Long-term epidemiologic studies have provided information on the distribution and the natural history of AMD and its associated risk factors. It is not known what effect reduction of blood pressure and the cessation of smoking might have on the incidence and progression of AMD." @default.
- W1994451872 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1994451872 creator A5086964962 @default.
- W1994451872 date "2004-03-01" @default.
- W1994451872 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W1994451872 title "The epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration" @default.
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