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- W1994667515 abstract "Recruitment limitation (seed limitation and establishment limitation) has been proposed to contribute to the maintenance of high diversity of plants in tropical forests. This hypothesis suggests that diversity is maintained by slowing down competitive exclusion. In this study we: (1) quantified the relative importance of seed limitation and establishment limitation on recruitment for 4–7 species, testing the impact of seed predators and competition; (2) evaluated the effect of recruitment limitation on the diversity of seedling communities: if recruitment limitation is a diversity-promoting mechanism, then removing the limitation should have a negative effect on diversity. To evaluate the magnitude and effects of recruitment limitation we used data from 400 seed traps, we executed seed addition experiments with and without vertebrate exclusion, and we conducted seedling transplant experiments during 2 yr in an Amazonian rain forest in Colombia. On the basis of seed traps, we found that seed limitation was strong; however, seed addition experiments showed that establishment limitation is more important than seed limitation for recruitment in all species considered. The addition/transplant experiments did not affect diversity of the surrounding seedlings, lending no support to the theory that recruitment limitation affects diversity. Establishment limitation was stronger at the seed–seedling transition than in older seedling transitions, as shown by high survival in the seedling transplants experiment. We found that seed dispersal increases regenerating plant diversity, and that predation is an important factor affecting seed establishment. We highlight the role of animals in these processes and therefore in the maintenance of diversity in tropical rain forests. El reclutamiento limitado (limitación de semillas y establecimiento limitado) ha sido propuesto como un mecanismo que contribuye a mantener la alta diversidad de plantas en bosques tropicales. Esta hipótesis sugiere que la diversidad se mantiene al disminuir la exclusión competitiva. En este estudio nosotros: (1) Cuantificamos la importancia relativa de la limitación de semillas y el establecimiento limitado en el reclutamiento de 4-7 especies, considerando el impacto de depredadores de semillas y de competencia. (2) Evaluamos el efecto de reclutamiento limitado en la diversidad de comunidades de plántulas: si el reclutamiento limitado es un mecanismo que promueve la diversidad, entonces remover la limitación debería tener un efecto negativo sobre la diversidad. Para evaluar la magnitud y los efectos del reclutamiento limitado, usamos datos de 400 trampas de semillas, realizamos experimentos de adición de semillas con y sin exclusión de depredadores vertebrados, y realizamos experimentos de trasplantes de plántulas durante dos años en la Amazonia Colombiana. A partir de los datos de trampas de semillas, encontramos que la limitación de semillas es alta; sin embargo, los experimentos de adición mostraron que el establecimiento limitado es más importante para el reclutamiento que la limitación de semillas. Los experimentos de adición y de trasplante no afectaron la diversidad de las plántulas reclutadas naturalmente, lo cual no da soporte a la teoría de que el reclutamiento limitado afecta la diversidad. La alta supervivencia de plántulas en los experimento de trasplante de plántulas, muestra que el establecimiento es más limitado en la transición de semilla a plántula que una vez germinadas las plántulas. Encontramos que la dispersión de semillas aumenta la diversidad de plántulas y que la depredación es un factor que afecta el establecimiento de semillas. Es importante resaltar el rol que los animales juegan en estos procesos y por lo tanto en el mantenimiento de la diversidad en los bosques tropicales. FIGURE S1. Conceptual diagram showing the methods and goals of this study. FIGURE S2. Diagram shows the distribution of experiments. FIGURE S3. Natural changes in seedling density, excluding recruits added experimentally. TABLE S1. Seed measurements of the focal species in the seed addition experiment (N = 10 per species). Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article." @default.
- W1994667515 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1994667515 date "2013-09-02" @default.
- W1994667515 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W1994667515 title "Seed and Establishment Limitation: Effects on Plant Diversity in an Amazonian Rain Forest" @default.
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- W1994667515 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12063" @default.
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