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• W1995862451 abstract "Background & AimsElevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities are markers of liver injury, but may also be associated with other diseases and death. In a prospective, national, population-based sample, we examined whether elevated ALT and GGT were associated with increased risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality.MethodsDeath certificate–based 12-year mortality was analyzed among 14,950 adult participants in the third US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994, who were negative for markers of viral hepatitis B and C. Abnormal ALT was defined as >30 U/L in men or >19 U/L in women, and abnormal GGT as >51 U/L in men or >33 U/L in women.ResultsCumulative mortality was 13.9% from all causes, including 4.2% from cardiovascular disease, 4.2% from neoplasms, 0.44% from diabetes, and 0.13% from liver disease. In multivariate-adjusted analyses, elevated ALT was not associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88–1.6). ALT elevation was associated with deaths from liver disease (HR, 8.2; 95% CI, 2.1–31.9), but not from cardiovascular disease (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.56–1.4), neoplasms (HR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.65–1.5), or diabetes (HR, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.65–9.1). All-cause mortality increased with elevated GGT (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2–1.8), as did mortality from liver disease (HR, 13.0; 95% CI, 2.4–71.5), neoplasms (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.01–2.2), and diabetes (HR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.4–7.6), but not from cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.80–2.0).ConclusionsIn the US population, elevated GGT was associated with mortality from all causes, liver disease, cancer, and diabetes, while ALT was associated only with liver disease mortality. Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities are markers of liver injury, but may also be associated with other diseases and death. In a prospective, national, population-based sample, we examined whether elevated ALT and GGT were associated with increased risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. Death certificate–based 12-year mortality was analyzed among 14,950 adult participants in the third US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994, who were negative for markers of viral hepatitis B and C. Abnormal ALT was defined as >30 U/L in men or >19 U/L in women, and abnormal GGT as >51 U/L in men or >33 U/L in women. Cumulative mortality was 13.9% from all causes, including 4.2% from cardiovascular disease, 4.2% from neoplasms, 0.44% from diabetes, and 0.13% from liver disease. In multivariate-adjusted analyses, elevated ALT was not associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88–1.6). ALT elevation was associated with deaths from liver disease (HR, 8.2; 95% CI, 2.1–31.9), but not from cardiovascular disease (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.56–1.4), neoplasms (HR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.65–1.5), or diabetes (HR, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.65–9.1). All-cause mortality increased with elevated GGT (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2–1.8), as did mortality from liver disease (HR, 13.0; 95% CI, 2.4–71.5), neoplasms (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.01–2.2), and diabetes (HR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.4–7.6), but not from cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.80–2.0). In the US population, elevated GGT was associated with mortality from all causes, liver disease, cancer, and diabetes, while ALT was associated only with liver disease mortality." @default.
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• W1995862451 date "2009-02-01" @default.
• W1995862451 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
• W1995862451 title "Elevated Serum Alanine Aminotransferase and γ-Glutamyltransferase and Mortality in the United States Population" @default.
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• W1995862451 doi "https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.052" @default.
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