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- W1996268603 abstract "The active zones of axon terminals are where the initial events in synaptic transmission occur. They are characterized by dense aggregates of macromolecules attached to the cytoplasmic surface of the presynaptic plasma membrane, called active zone material (AZM); synaptic vesicles docked on the presynaptic membrane, which contain neurotransmitter; and aggregates of cation channels in the presynaptic membrane that help regulate the fusion of the docked vesicles with the membrane leading to the exocytosis of their neurotransmitter during synaptic transmission. Previous electron tomography (ET) studies on resting frog neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) showed that the AZM is composed of an organized network of elongate macromolecules that fall into several classes, some of which connect to each docked vesicle. We used ET to study active zone components at frog neuromuscular junctions fixed either at rest or during electrical stimulation of the axon terminals. We found that as vesicle docking proceeds a shortening of certain AZM macromolecules leads both to a several fold increase in the size of the area of close apposition between the vesicle membrane and the presynaptic membrane and to a movement of certain of the cation channels toward the vesicles. Vesicle membranes having large areas of close apposition with the presynaptic membrane preferentially fuse with the presynaptic membrane during synaptic activity. After vesicle membranes fuse with the presynaptic membrane and begin to flatten into it prior to recycling, they dissociate from the AZM in an orderly way. Altogether the findings support the conclusion that AZM helps regulate the docking of synaptic vesicles on the presynaptic membrane, the fusion of docked vesicles with the presynaptic membrane, and the recycling of vesicle membrane after fusion." @default.
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- W1996268603 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W1996268603 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W1996268603 title "Physical Changes in Macromolecules of Active Zone Material that Regulate the Docking and Fusion of Synaptic Vesicles on the Presynaptic Membrane" @default.
- W1996268603 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.760" @default.
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