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• W1996291023 abstract "Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of developing Alzheimer disease, but the relationship between the 2 entities is not clear. Both diseases exhibit similar metabolic abnormalities: disordered glucose metabolism, abnormal insulin receptor signalling and insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and structural abnormalities in proteins and β-amyloid deposits. Different hypotheses have emerged from experimental work in the last two decades. One of the most comprehensive relates the microvascular damage in diabetic polyneuritis with the central nervous system changes occurring in Alzheimer disease. Another hypothesis considers that cognitive impairment in both diabetes and Alzheimer disease is linked to a state of systemic oxidative stress. Recently, attenuation of cognitive impairment and normalisation of values in biochemical markers for oxidative stress were found in patients with Alzheimer disease and concomitant diabetes. Antidiabetic drugs may have a beneficial effect on glycolysis and its end products, and on other metabolic alterations. Diabetic patients are at increased risk for developing Alzheimer disease, but paradoxically, their biochemical alterations and cognitive impairment are less pronounced than in groups of dementia patients without diabetes. A deeper understanding of interactions between the pathogenic processes of both entities may lead to new therapeutic strategies that would slow or halt the progression of impairment. Varios estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado que los pacientes de diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 presentan un aumento de riesgo para adquirir enfermedad de Alzheimer, pero las relaciones entre ellas no están aclaradas. Ambas enfermedades presentan similares anormalidades metabólicas: Alteraciones en el metabolismo de la glucosa, irregularidades en los receptores para la señalización de la insulina, estrés oxidativo, anomalías en la conformación de proteínas y depósitos de β-amiloide. A través del desarrollo de investigaciones experimentales en las últimas 2 décadas, han sido postuladas diversas hipótesis. Una de las más llamativas relaciona los daños microvasculares de la polineuritis diabética con los cambios que se producen en el sistema nervioso central en la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Otra hipótesis considera que en ambas enfermedades la evolución del deterioro cognitivo está vinculada con el estado de estrés oxidativo sistémico. Más recientemente, en pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer con diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 concomitante, se ha comprobado la existencia de atenuación en el deterioro cognitivo y la normalización en los valores de variables bioquímicas marcadoras del estrés oxidativo. Los fármacos antidiabéticos podrían ejercer un efecto favorable sobre la glucólisis, sus productos finales y otras alteraciones metabólicas. Los pacientes diabéticos presentan mayor riesgo para desarrollar Alzheimer, pero, paradójicamente, las alteraciones bioquímicas y el deterioro cognitivo resultan menores que en los grupos de pacientes dementes sin diabetes mellitus. La mejor comprensión de las patogenias que interactúan en estas enfermedades quizás sustente nuevas estrategias terapéuticas conducentes a disminuir o detener la progresión de los deterioros." @default.
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• W1996291023 date "2014-11-01" @default.
• W1996291023 modified "2023-10-08" @default.
• W1996291023 title "Alzheimer disease and cognitive impairment associated with diabetes mellitus type 2: associations and a hypothesis" @default.
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• W1996291023 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrleng.2014.10.001" @default.
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