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• W1996645705 abstract "As a measure of disorder, entropy is a central concept of statistical mechanics. In practice, however, it is typically determined thermodynamically, that is, by measuring heat. However, in arrays of interacting submicrometre-sized magnetic islands—known as artificial spin ice—entropy can be determined directly by ‘counting’ the microstate of the system. From thermodynamic origins, the concept of entropy has expanded to a range of statistical measures of uncertainty, which may still be thermodynamically significant1,2. However, laboratory measurements of entropy continue to rely on direct measurements of heat. New technologies that can map out myriads of microscopic degrees of freedom suggest direct determination of configurational entropy by counting in systems where it is thermodynamically inaccessible, such as granular3,4,5,6,7,8 and colloidal9,10,11,12,13 materials, proteins14 and lithographically fabricated nanometre-scale arrays. Here, we demonstrate a conditional-probability technique to calculate entropy densities of translation-invariant states on lattices using limited configuration data on small clusters, and apply it to arrays of interacting nanometre-scale magnetic islands (artificial spin ice)15. Models for statistically disordered systems can be assessed by applying the method to relative entropy densities. For artificial spin ice, this analysis shows that nearest-neighbour correlations drive longer-range ones." @default.
• W1996645705 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1996645705 date "2010-07-25" @default.
• W1996645705 modified "2023-10-06" @default.
• W1996645705 title "Direct entropy determination and application to artificial spin ice" @default.
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• W1996645705 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1728" @default.
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