FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W1997291917> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W1997291917 endingPage "621" @default.
• W1997291917 startingPage "621" @default.
• W1997291917 abstract "THE STUDY BY ST CLAIR ET AL 1 IN THIS ISSUE OF JAMA reports an association between prenatal exposure to severe maternal nutritional deficiency and risk for schizophrenia in adulthood. Examination of this question was achieved through strategic use of the Chinese famine of 1959 through 1961 as the fulcrum of their study design. In so doing, these authors afford yet another excellent example, frequent among articles in the annual JAMA theme issue on violence and human rights, of epidemiologists extracting otherwise inaccessible scientific knowledge from the harsh soil of human catastrophe. Susser and Lin were the first to demonstrate this link between severe maternal nutritional deficiency and the offsprings’ risk for schizophrenia. That earlier study, which served as the scientific impetus and analytic model for the current investigation, examined the association between nutrition and schizophrenia using the unique circumstances created by the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-1945. In October 1944, the German Army blockaded food supplies to the Western Netherlands as punishment for Dutch involvement in the planned Allied invasion of Europe. Before the blockade, the food supply had been adequate; in May 1945, following the German retreat, it became quickly plentiful again. In the intervening months, however, the Dutch population, particularly in the larger cities, received increasingly meager food rations, a circumstance rendered especially difficult by an unusually harsh winter. Hence, Dutch women who were pregnant in October 1944 and others who conceived in the following months experienced declining food supplies at varying points in gestation. This wartime disaster, occurring in a previously wellnourished industrialized nation, created a natural experimental framework for examining the association of prenatal nutritional deficiency of varying intensity imposed at different points in intrauterine development with risk for postnatal psychiatric disorder in offspring. Analyses of rates of schizophrenia based on case data derived from the Dutch national psychiatric registry implicated early severe prenatal nutritional deficiency in a 2-fold increased risk of schizophrenia overall and in men and women offspring separately. Parallel studies, drawing on results from the medical examinations conducted on 18-year-old Dutch military recruits, documented a 2to 3-fold increased risk for schizoid personality disorder and for antisocial personality disorder, respectively, among persons exposed early in gestation to severe maternal nutritional deficiency. The schizophrenia findings from the Dutch and Chinese famine studies are in remarkable agreement, a consistency that enhances the validity of both investigations. St Clair et al also report a 2-fold increased risk for schizophrenia among individuals prenatally exposed to famine both overall and for each sex separately. Furthermore, the profile of both “epidemics” is entirely analogous although on vastly different temporal and population scales—an abrupt rate increase among individuals prenatally exposed to the famine followed by a rapid return to previous background rates at the close of the nutritional crisis. Of equal importance from the perspective of confidence in drawing causal inferences, the Chinese study successfully addresses several competing explanations for the Dutch findings, noted but not remediable in the studies on the Dutch famine. The nutritional interpretation of the Dutch famine findings was vulnerable to a variety of alternative explanations. Tulip bulbs, consumed at the height of the famine as a food substitute, could have exerted toxic effects on fetal brain development. Hormonal perturbations prompted by the physiological stress of the exceptionally cold winter, some unidentified aspect of urban life under German occupation toward the very end of the war, or the extremely rapid nutritional repletion starting in May 1945—each jointly or separately might have disturbed neuronal maturation. The Chinese replication of the Dutch findings, given the markedly different circumstances, culture, and ethnicity, renders these competing explanations moot or nearly so. During the Chinese famine, food substitutes comprised tree bark and the green algae chlorella, grown at home in vats of urine; the nutritional deprivation did not coincide with unusually harsh winters nor with military occupation by a foreign power." @default.
• W1997291917 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1997291917 creator A5078379853 @default.
• W1997291917 date "2005-08-03" @default.
• W1997291917 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
• W1997291917 title "Accumulating Evidence for Prenatal Nutritional Origins of Mental Disorders" @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1496334714 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1571661260 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1577469161 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1689993039 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1749255537 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1849371450 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1993206740 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1997402206 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W1997679156 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2029757946 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2030295018 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2034008819 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2034443606 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2040727823 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2041042823 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2046314520 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2064189985 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2066996323 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2086377969 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2093780531 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2106683006 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2109179110 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2125244470 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2144917238 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2145098771 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2609493704 @default.
• W1997291917 cites W2073208922 @default.
• W1997291917 doi "https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.5.621" @default.
• W1997291917 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16077059" @default.
• W1997291917 hasPublicationYear "2005" @default.
• W1997291917 type Work @default.
• W1997291917 sameAs 1997291917 @default.
• W1997291917 citedByCount "24" @default.
• W1997291917 countsByYear W19972919172012 @default.
• W1997291917 countsByYear W19972919172013 @default.
• W1997291917 countsByYear W19972919172014 @default.
• W1997291917 countsByYear W19972919172015 @default.
• W1997291917 countsByYear W19972919172017 @default.
• W1997291917 countsByYear W19972919172018 @default.
• W1997291917 countsByYear W19972919172021 @default.
• W1997291917 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W1997291917 hasAuthorship W1997291917A5078379853 @default.
• W1997291917 hasConcept C118552586 @default.
• W1997291917 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
• W1997291917 hasConceptScore W1997291917C118552586 @default.
• W1997291917 hasConceptScore W1997291917C71924100 @default.
• W1997291917 hasIssue "5" @default.
• W1997291917 hasLocation W19972919171 @default.
• W1997291917 hasLocation W19972919172 @default.
• W1997291917 hasOpenAccess W1997291917 @default.
• W1997291917 hasPrimaryLocation W19972919171 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W1489783725 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W1506200166 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W2039318446 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W2048182022 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W2080531066 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W2604872355 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W2748952813 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W2899084033 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W3032375762 @default.
• W1997291917 hasRelatedWork W3108674512 @default.
• W1997291917 hasVolume "294" @default.
• W1997291917 isParatext "false" @default.
• W1997291917 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W1997291917 magId "1997291917" @default.
• W1997291917 workType "article" @default.