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• W1997507890 endingPage "82" @default.
• W1997507890 startingPage "71" @default.
• W1997507890 abstract "The S-100 is a group of low molecular weight (10-12 kD) calcium-binding proteins highly conserved among vertebrates. It is present in different tissues as dimers of homologous or different subunits (alpha, beta). In the nervous system, the S-100 exists as a mixture composed of beta beta and alpha beta dimers with the monomer beta represented more often. Its intracellular localisation is mainly restricted to the glial cytoplasmic compartment with a small fraction bound to membranes. In this compartment the S-100 acts as a potent inhibitor of phosphorylation on several substrates including the synaptosomal C-Kinase and Tau, a microtubule-associated protein. The S-100 in particular conditions, after binding with specific membrane sites (Kd = 0.2 microM; Bmax = 4.5 nM), is able to modify the activity of adenylate cyclase, probably via G-proteins. In addition, the Ca2+ homeostasis is also modulated by S-100 via an increase of specific membrane conductance and/or Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that lower (nM) concentrations of extracellular S-100 beta act on glial and neuronal cells as a growth-differentiating factor. On the other hand, higher concentrations of the protein induce apoptosis of some cells such as the sympathetic-like PC12 line. Finally, data obtained from physiological (development, ageing) or pathological (dementia associated with Down's syndrome, Alzheimer's disease) conditions showed that a relationship could be established between the S-100 levels and some aspects of the statii." @default.
• W1997507890 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1997507890 creator A5039973012 @default.
• W1997507890 creator A5045302192 @default.
• W1997507890 creator A5055968688 @default.
• W1997507890 creator A5059406139 @default.
• W1997507890 creator A5074725692 @default.
• W1997507890 creator A5078032532 @default.
• W1997507890 date "1995-05-01" @default.
• W1997507890 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W1997507890 title "The S-100: A protein family in search of a function" @default.
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