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• W199753693 abstract "Language and culture studies of emigre communities in Australia have grown steadily overnthe last thirty years. Within this body of research Finns emerge as a distinctive group.nFinnish language and culture appear atypically well preserved compared to other NorthernnEuropean groups. Studies on Australian Finns have concentrated on demography ornlanguage maintenance and interference. Much less has been done on attitudes and languagenand culture contact. No study has concentrated on the connection between language factorsnand the attitudes of Australian Finns in the immigrant context. The present studyncontributes to the underdeveloped areas of study on Finnish outside Finland, andnparticularly in Australia, and to the study of the relationship between attitudes andnlanguage and culture contact.nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn People of Finnish origin have been relocating to Australia ever since early colonial times.nThe largest immigrant groups arrived during the passage assistance schemes between thenlate 1950s and 1960s, when Finns were among the groups recruited by the Australianngovernment. The number of Finland-born people in Australia has not exceeded 10,500.nThe 2001 Australian census recorded 8,259 Finland-born people. The numbers arendeclining as new migration is minimal.nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn The central question of the study is to examine if and how, in an immigrant context,nlanguage maintenance and language contact phenomena correspond to the languagenattitudes and background factors of first generation Australian Finns. The studyninvestigates the connection between the language the immigrants speak (language contactnphenomena), and the immigrants' attitudes and background information such as languagenchoice, maintenance efforts and contact with Finland and the local Finnish community.nProfiles of typical Finnish maintainers or shifters are distinguished among the informants.nThe study concentrates on the relationship of different language and culture contactnattitudes, and the correlation between these attitudes and behaviour.nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn The data was collected during informal meetings with thirty-one first generation AustraliannFinns in the Brisbane area. Informants completed a questionnaire on attitudes, language use and socio-economic background factors. Conversations were recorded to collect datanon language contact and attitudes. The data was analysed by means of a combination ofndescriptive statistical tools and qualitative analysis.nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn The results show that the overall attitudes towards Finnish language maintenance werenpositive. However, the positive attitudes did not correlate with high scores of Finnish usenor good self-evaluated Finnish skill scores. Attitudes towards mixing English with Finnishnwere neutral. Among informants who had the most language contact phenomena (LCP) inntheir speech, disapproving attitudes towards the mixing of English with Finnish correlatednwith increasing numbers of LCP, i.e. mixing the languages. Among the group whose LCPnwere mostly items assimilated to Finnish both morphologically and phonetically, thennegative attitude towards mixing correlated with higher numbers of LCP. Positive attitudesntowards language maintenance correlated with positive attitudes towards bilingualism, andnpositive attitudes towards bilingualism also correlated with good English skills and morenfrequent English use. However, Finnish skills and Finnish use correlated negatively withnattitudes to bilingualism: the more positive the attitudes towards bilingualism, the less usenof Finnish and the weaker the self-evaluated Finnish skills.nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn The research contributes to the study of the most significant group of Finnish migrants innAustralia. Reporting their experiences in relation to their language is important and timelynas the community is rapidly losing members through natural attrition. The studyncontributes to the study of Finnish in the diaspora, languages in Australia, the immigrantnexperience, and the connection between attitudes and behaviour in members of emigrencommunities.n" @default.
• W199753693 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W199753693 creator A5071646820 @default.
• W199753693 date "2005-01-01" @default.
• W199753693 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W199753693 title "Language and culture contact and attitudes among first generation Australian Finns" @default.
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