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- W1998184489 abstract "Leptin is almost exclusively produced by adipose tissue and acts in the central nervous system (CNS) to decrease appetite and increase energy expenditure. We have demonstrated that systemic or CNS administration of leptin markedly increases sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to brown adipose tissue, kidney, skeletal muscle and adrenal glands. Acute administration of leptin does not increase arterial pressure, although chronic leptin infusion does have a modest pressor effect. Leptin also has actions that oppose sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction, including natriuresis, insulin sensitization and simulation of endothelial nitric oxide generation. These diverse actions have made it difficult to assess the overall role of leptin in control of arterial pressure. Recent studies from our laboratory have shown the obese leptin-deficient ob/ob mice have lower arterial pressure than lean littermates. These data suggest that endogenous leptin contributes to the physiological maintenance of arterial pressure. The hypothalamic melanocortin system, via activation of melanocortin-4 receptors, decreases appetite and weight. The leptin and melanocortin systems appear to have independent and additive actions on body fat content. The melanocortin system acts to increase SNA to thermogenic and other tissues. Interestingly, obesity in the agouti mouse strain, due to genetic antagonism of melanocortin receptors, is associated with elevated arterial pressure. This may represent a non-specific effect of obesity or a purative hypertensive effect of melanocortinergic underactivity. Altercations in leptin and melanocortin activity may contribute to the adverse cardiovascular consequences of obesity. Contrasting blood pressure responses to obesity in ob and agouti mice suggests that the cardiovascular response to obesity depends critically on the underlying genetic and neuroendocrine mechanisms." @default.
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- W1998184489 date "2000-06-01" @default.
- W1998184489 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1998184489 title "Role of neuropeptides in linking obesity, sympathetic activity and hypertension" @default.
- W1998184489 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7061(00)00777-9" @default.
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