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• W1998185394 abstract "Context: Although opiate abuse is known to affect matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), data on these enzymes and their tissue inhibitors in heroin addicts are scarce.Objective: In the present study, we determined serum concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in heroin users, and compared them with healthy individuals. We evaluated whether 21 d of abstinence are adequate to reverse the effect of opiates and we compared seropositive with seronegative, for anti-HCV antibodies, heroin users.Materials and methods: Twenty-six heroin-dependent male volunteers and an equal number of healthy individuals participated in this study. ELISA was used to assess the serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. Heroin users were assessed both upon admission and upon completion of a 21-d detoxification program.Results: Serum TIMP-1 concentrations were significantly lower and the ratios MMP-2/TIMP-1, MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2 were significantly higher in heroin users compared to healthy individuals. Heroin users who were seropositive had lower MMP concentrations, as well as lower MMP/TIMP ratios, compared to those who were seronegative.Discussion: Our results showed that in heroin-addicted individuals, and especially those who are positive for anti-HCV antibodies, the balance between MMPs and TIMPs in serum is disrupted and this disruption cannot be restored within 21 d of abstinence.Conclusion: Chronic heroin abuse disrupts the balance between MMPs and TIMPs in serum and this effect is not reversible within 21 d of abstinence." @default.
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• W1998185394 date "2013-01-16" @default.
• W1998185394 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W1998185394 title "Alterations in serum MMP and TIMP concentrations following chronic heroin abuse" @default.
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• W1998185394 doi "https://doi.org/10.3109/15376516.2012.758681" @default.
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