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- W1998458539 abstract "Several epidemiological studies have shown that cigarette smoking might alter the incidence of AlzheimerÂś disease (AD). However, some studies have reported an increase and others a decrease on the risk for AD among smokers. The mechanisms that underlie the association between smoking and AD are complex and could include protein misfolding, inflammation, neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. Previous studies have shown that administration of some of the cigarette components (e.g nicotin) alter Ab aggregation in vitro and in vivo, providing a possible link. However, extrapolation of these findings towards the in vivo situation is not straight forward. The goal of this study was to analyze the effect of smoking under more relevant conditions. PS1/APP double transgenic mice were exposed to high (1h, 1 cigarette) or low (30 min, ½ cigarette) doses of tobacco smoke daily for 4 months, using a smoking chamber. Treatment started at the age of 3 months and animals were sacrificed at 7 months old. Amyloid load, microglial activation, reactive astroglial cells, and neurodegeneration were analyzed in hippocampal and cortical areas. Aß load was significantly increased in high dose treated animals compared with non-treated and low dose age-matched animals using both 4G8 antibody and Thioflavin S staining. A related inflammatory response was found in hippocampus and cortex using Iba1 and GFAP antibody against microglial and astroglial cells, respectively. Neuroinflammation correlated with the increase in Aß burden. Likewise, FluoroJadeC-positive neurodegenerative processes were substantially augmented and strongly associated around amyloid plaques in high-dose treated animals compared to the other analyzed groups. These findings provide direct evidence that smoking increases typical neuropathological alterations associated to AD in vivo. The mechanism of this effect remains to be studied. Our results suggest that cigarette smoking may increase neurodegeneration, and thus may constitute an important environmental risk factor for AD." @default.
- W1998458539 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1998458539 date "2011-07-01" @default.
- W1998458539 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1998458539 title "P4-021: Smoking acelerates amyloid formation and associated neurodegenerative alterations in a transgenic mouse model of alzheimerâś disease" @default.
- W1998458539 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.2041" @default.
- W1998458539 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
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