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- W1998587571 abstract "The development of pain pathways and stress responses in the fetus, neonate, infant and child has been elucidated recently and has led to widespread acceptance that for moral, ethical, humanitarian and physiological reasons, pain should be anticipated, and safely and effectively prevented and controlled in all age groups. 5 6 20 21 27 32 71 77 78 83 86 Simple measures, widely applied, produce the most benefit at the least risk. For more complex techniques, a minimum standard of monitoring should be implemented and regular reassessment of analgesia and adverse effects allow individualized titration of analgesia. Routine perioperative use of local or regional anaesthesia in all children, unless there is a specific contraindication, is the foundation of effective postoperative analgesia. A multimodal approach using local and regional anaesthesia, opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)/paracetamol is particularly useful in paediatrics. The emotional component of pain must also be addressed in all aspects of paediatric practice using instinctive comforting measures, provision of child-friendly surroundings and distraction techniques. The child and family should be given the chance to be involved in the control of their pain management. These non-pharmacological techniques should be used to complement safe and effective use of analgesic drugs." @default.
- W1998587571 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1998587571 creator A5049485673 @default.
- W1998587571 date "1999-07-01" @default.
- W1998587571 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W1998587571 title "Prevention and control of pain in children" @default.
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- W1998587571 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/83.1.118" @default.
- W1998587571 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10616339" @default.
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