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- W1999360147 abstract "Previous work on quantitative aspects of the evolution of the spinal cord suggests either that the cord has undergone considerable evolutionary changes, or that it is invariable and somatic. Variation in gross dimensions of the spinal cord is investigated here, mostly in mammals, including new data on 12 primate species, plus some bird and amphibian species. Allometric analyses demonstrate that spinal cord size varies little relative to body size in mammals, including primates. Some gross locomotor differences, but not others, are associated with small differences in relative cord dimensions. Birds, on average, have slightly smaller spinal cords than mammals relative to body size; amphibians may have much smaller spinal cords. On the basis of present evidence, spinal cord weight in mammals scales to body weight with an exponent of 0·69. This is significantly different from the scaling exponent of 0·75 for brain weight to body weight. Therefore, metabolic explanations developed to explain the scaling of brain size are not applicable to the spinal cord. However, the scaling exponent calculated for spinal cord weight is compatible with its scaling to body weight as a surface area to a volume, which may be important for functional interpretation of the scaling of somatic innervation. Simple brain:cord ratios should not be used as measures of relative brain size or intelligence, as the two parts of the central nervous system scale to body size with different exponents, and, at least between classes, because relative spinal cord size also varies. Analysing brain weight relative to spinal cord weight allometrically gives a functionally meaningful assessment of brain size relative to the level of neural communication between the brain and body. Mammals have both large relative brains and cords compared with other classes, which may be required for the sophisticated control of their mode of locomotion. Some species, including the haplorhine primates, have expanded their brain sizes beyond this common level for increased cognitive capacity." @default.
- W1999360147 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1999360147 date "1996-01-01" @default.
- W1999360147 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W1999360147 title "The scaling of gross dimensions of the spinal cord in primates and other species" @default.
- W1999360147 doi "https://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.1996.0005" @default.
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