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- W1999838520 abstract "The interruption of a peripheral nerve causes degeneration of the distal segment that is now known as “Wallerian degeneration” in honor of Augustus Waller [ [1] Waller A Experiments on the section of the glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves of the frog, and observations on the alterations produced thereby in the structure of their primitive fibers. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 1850; 140: 423-429 Crossref Google Scholar ]. Waller severed the glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves of frogs and made microscopic observations on the distal nerves that were separated from their cell bodies in the brain stem. He described coagulation and curdling of the “medulla” into separate particles of various sizes. “Medulla” may be equated with “myelin.” The secondary nature of myelin destruction was not realized until the more extensive studies of axons in Wallerian degeneration by Ranvier [ [2] Ranvier M.L Leçons sur l'histologie du système nerveux. Librairie F. Savy, Paris1878 Google Scholar ] and Ramón-y-Cajal [ [3] Ramón-y-Cajal S Degeneration and regeneration of the nervous system. Oxford Univ. Press, Humphrey Milford, London1928: 66-99 Google Scholar ]. Waller made many other contributions to the reaction of nerves to section and realized that the direction of traveling nerve impulses was not important. Rather, the separation of a fiber from its parent cell body was the critical process, and he anticipated the role of a “trophic influence” [ [4] Ochs S Waller's concept of the trophic dependence of the nerve fiber on the cell body in the light of early neuron theory. Clio. Med. 1975; 10: 253-265 PubMed Google Scholar ]. The degeneration of the distal segment has also been termed “direct” Wallerian degeneration. Axonal interruption in a peripheral nerve arising from the spinal cord causes a remarkable and reversible change in the corresponding anterior horn neurons known as “axon reaction.” The transient disturbance in the nerve cell is thought to cause “indirect” Wallerian degeneration in the proximal segment of the severed nerve." @default.
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- W1999838520 date "2004-05-01" @default.
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- W1999838520 title "Wallerian degeneration: history and clinical significance" @default.
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- W1999838520 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2004.03.008" @default.
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