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• W2000004938 abstract "It is our purpose in this article to describe a simple method of making depth dose determinations. In order to apply radiation scientifically, it is necessary that the roentgenologist know, as precisely as possible, the characteristics of the radiation being employed. There are two factors, which, when known, completely define the x-ray beam. One of these is “intensity,” or “quantity per unit of time,” and the other is “quality,” or “hardness,” or “penetration.” The unit of intensity or quantity has now been universally adopted as the international roentgen, or r unit. A suitable unit of hardness or penetration—the penetration depends upon the wave length—has not yet been adopted. At the present time there are four general methods for determining hardness or penetration: (a) spectroscopic determination, (b) effective wave length measurement, (c) half value layer, and (d) depth dose. There are several disadvantages in the use of any of the first three methods, the principal one being that the end-result gives nothing of practical use to the roentgenologist. For instance, an effective wave length determination under a certain set of conditions may give a value of 0.165 Ångstrom unit. What does this mean to the average roentgenologist? Supposing that, instead of 0.165 Å., the result was 0.160 Å.—what of it? What use can he make of it? The spectroscopic method is, in general, only applicable in the research laboratory or by a highly trained physicist, and these measurements, difficult as they are to make, are not readily translated into terms of roentgentherapy. The effective wave length method of determining penetration is not as easily determined as the directions for making this test would lead one to believe, and slight experimental errors will completely vitiate the results. Unless the work is done by a competent worker, with a large number of readings, results bordering on the absurd are likely to occur. The same experimental errors which may have a disastrous effect on effective wave length determinations will cause small changes in the final results of actual depth dose measurements. The half value layer, the most common method used in European clinics and laboratories for the determination of hardness or penetration, if carried out properly with repeated ionization measurements (the photographic method is not reliable) is, indeed, a laborious procedure, and, as in the case of the other two methods cited above, is not readily translated into terms of practical deep x-ray therapy. In contrast to these rather indirect methods, the depth dose determination is simple, direct, and understandable by the practising roentgen therapist. A reading, showing that 42 per cent of the radiation absorbed at the surface is absorbed in a lesion 10 centimeters deep, gives direct workable information. The ideal object for use to determine depth dose measurements would, of course, be the human body." @default.
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• W2000004938 date "1933-11-01" @default.
• W2000004938 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2000004938 title "A Rice Phantom for Depth Dose Measurements" @default.
• W2000004938 doi "https://doi.org/10.1148/21.5.484" @default.
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