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- W2000248096 abstract "While the psychometric assessment of pain has been well studied, the underlying schemata (i.e., structured pre-conceived ideas) individuals use to rate a painful experience is not fully understood. Each individual must make an internal determination of how to evaluate a pain experience when providing a numeric or visual analog scale (VAS) pain appraisal, thus relying on an internal (albeit potentially subconscious) pain schema. Cross-sectional comparisons between numerical pain intensity and categorical severity (mild, moderate, severe) ratings have been investigated in various patient populations, yet no previous studies have examined how individuals rate pain across a spectrum of severities. For example, do those who rate mild pain lower relative to others rate moderate pain lower as well? The purpose of this study was to examine how individuals evaluate mild, moderate, and severe pain levels, as well as pain threshold and tolerance, for six common, potentially painful experiences: headache, burn, toothache, joint pain, muscle soreness, and a generalized pain condition using a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). 365 community-dwelling individuals (66% F, 27 +/- 10.3 yrs; 31.2% reported current pain 3.1 +/- 1.9 cm). Median pain ratings for threshold, mild, moderate, severe and tolerance were: 1.7, 2.5, 4.4, 7.1, and 7.2 cm respectively. Most severity ratings were weak to moderately associated (i.e., Spearman's rho = .15 to .66; p ≤ 0.006), with the weakest association between threshold and tolerance. Factor analysis (principal axis factoring with varimax rotation) indicated individuals rely on 3 latent constructs to rate pain based on severity more than type of pain: 1) threshold/mild pain; 2) moderate to severe pain; and 3) severe to intolerable pain. Thus, individuals use similar schemata to rate pain across pain types; rely on different schemata to rate varying pain severities; but show only modest consistency in evaluating pain across severities." @default.
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- W2000248096 date "2012-04-01" @default.
- W2000248096 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2000248096 title "Evaluating pain across severities: individuals rely on three underlying schemata to rate pain" @default.
- W2000248096 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2012.01.095" @default.
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