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• W2000303915 abstract "Converging evidence from multiple lines of research points to the existence of important sex and developmental differences in pain. However, the mechanisms underpinning such differences are not well understood. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between sex and pubertal differences in pain tolerance and autonomic arousal to laboratory pain stimuli in healthy children. We tested the following specific hypotheses. 1) Early puberty children would have lower pain tolerance than late puberty. 2) Female children would have less pain tolerance than males, and 3) Sex and puberty differences may be associated with similar differences in autonomic arousal. Participants were 244 healthy children (51% female, mean age 12.73 ± 3 yrs, range 8∼18 yrs). Separate four trial blocks of cutaneous pressure and thermal pain stimuli were presented. Heart rate (HR) was recorded before, after and during trials. Overall, early puberty children had less pain tolerance than late puberty children in both cutaneous pressure (p<0.001) and thermal pain trials (p<0.0001). Early puberty children also had greater HR than late puberty children (p<0.001). Results also indicated decreased tolerance in female subjects for cutaneous pressure but not thermal pain (p<.05; mean tolerance females=32.98 ± 3.96 sec; males =45.26 ± 3.97sec) and greater HR for female subjects both before and during the pain tasks (p<0.01, overall mean HR females=79.76 ± 0.98; for males =75.76 ± 0.95). Mediation analysis showed that sex differences in pressure pain tolerance could be accounted for by sex differences in HR, although no evidence supported HR mediation of pubertal differences in pain tolerance. These results support that females and younger children generally demonstrate less pain tolerance and increased arousal as indexed by HR. HR may be a potential mediator of sex-related differences in pain responses in children. Supported by NIH/ RO1 DE12751-01A1. Converging evidence from multiple lines of research points to the existence of important sex and developmental differences in pain. However, the mechanisms underpinning such differences are not well understood. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between sex and pubertal differences in pain tolerance and autonomic arousal to laboratory pain stimuli in healthy children. We tested the following specific hypotheses. 1) Early puberty children would have lower pain tolerance than late puberty. 2) Female children would have less pain tolerance than males, and 3) Sex and puberty differences may be associated with similar differences in autonomic arousal. Participants were 244 healthy children (51% female, mean age 12.73 ± 3 yrs, range 8∼18 yrs). Separate four trial blocks of cutaneous pressure and thermal pain stimuli were presented. Heart rate (HR) was recorded before, after and during trials. Overall, early puberty children had less pain tolerance than late puberty children in both cutaneous pressure (p<0.001) and thermal pain trials (p<0.0001). Early puberty children also had greater HR than late puberty children (p<0.001). Results also indicated decreased tolerance in female subjects for cutaneous pressure but not thermal pain (p<.05; mean tolerance females=32.98 ± 3.96 sec; males =45.26 ± 3.97sec) and greater HR for female subjects both before and during the pain tasks (p<0.01, overall mean HR females=79.76 ± 0.98; for males =75.76 ± 0.95). Mediation analysis showed that sex differences in pressure pain tolerance could be accounted for by sex differences in HR, although no evidence supported HR mediation of pubertal differences in pain tolerance. These results support that females and younger children generally demonstrate less pain tolerance and increased arousal as indexed by HR. HR may be a potential mediator of sex-related differences in pain responses in children. Supported by NIH/ RO1 DE12751-01A1." @default.
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• W2000303915 date "2005-03-01" @default.
• W2000303915 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2000303915 title "Heart rate mediation of sex differences in experimental pain in children" @default.
• W2000303915 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2005.01.070" @default.
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