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- W200036065 abstract "chemical-specific water quality criteria stringent enough to protect the nation's waters? Are they perhaps more stringent than necessary? Do pollutants exhibit an additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effect in combination? Given the multitude of chemicals known to exist, and the availability of water quality criteria for only a fraction, are there gaps in the water quality program? These are some of the issues that spawned the effluent toxicity (WET) program. The WET concept is simple. Traditionally, permit writers would assess an effluent's potential toxicity to aquatic life based solely on whether or not numeric water quality criteria were exceeded. Yet, water quality criteria are only a statistically derived surrogate for predicting the toxicity of individual chemicals. Why not expose living organisms to the whole effluent and observe any adverse effects directly? In that sense, the WET approach is a throwback to some of the earliest and most effective environmental protection tools (e.g., using a royal food taster to protect the king from poisoning, or using caged canaries to protect mine workers from unacceptable methane levels). Few would argue that the WET concept makes sense, at least in theory. Implementing the WET concept in practice, however, raises a host of complex legal and technical questions. When EPA promulgated its first rule involving WET testing, it had not yet resolved many of those issues. 45 Fed. Reg. 33,512 (May 19, 1980). In light of the harsh consequences that might be triggered by WET test results, including imprisonment and penalties, EPA's premature action drew harsh criticism from the regulated community. The 1980 rule and subsequent WET rules triggered a spate of lawsuits beginning with NRDC v. EPA, No. 80-1607 (D.C. Or.), and continuing through the present day." @default.
- W200036065 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W200036065 date "2016-01-01" @default.
- W200036065 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W200036065 title "Whole Effluent Toxicity: A Status Report" @default.
- W200036065 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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