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• W200037517 abstract "Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), also known as post-viral fatigue syndrome (PVFS) and myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) (Lewis, Cooper, & Bennett, 1994), is a clinically defined disorder with an ambiguous etiology characterized by severe debilitating fatigue and a combination of other somatic and neuro-psychiatric systems (Farrar, Locke, & Kantrowitz, 1995). The importance of recognizing CFS and its functional limitations is recognized by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), which added it to the list of priority one and emerging diseases in 1994 (Reeves, 1995). Although controversy continues concerning its symptomatology, management, and prognosis; some agreement has been reached in the medical community about diagnostic criteria (Lewis et al., 1994). In addition, the term chronic fatigue syndrome is usually preferred to refer to the symptoms commonly associated with this disorder (Lewis et al., 1994, Wessely, 1995). The original case definition describes CFS as the new onset of persistent or relapsing, debilitating fatigue severe enough to reduce or impair average daily activity below 50% of the patient's premorbid activity level for a period of at least six months (Holmes et al., 1988, p. 388). Neither physical nor psychological explanations alone can define the complexities of this disorder (Lewis et al., 1995). CFS is not a rare or homogeneous disorder. Approximately 1 to 3 persons per 1000 have CFS, with almost 70% being female (Wessely, 1995). The disorder is more dominant among White middle class persons (Royal Colleges, 1996), occurs frequently among adolescents but rarely among children under 10 years of age (Jordan, 1996), and is associated with allergies (Klonoff, 1992). The onset of CFS is typically abrupt, and individuals with this disorder often have feelings of powerlessness, fear, bewilderment, and frustration. In the most dramatic cases, a healthy, highfunctioning person becomes severely impaired without apparent cause, and the individual's quality of life is drastically altered (Friedberg & Jason, 1998). Anderson and Ferrans (1997) found that CFS resulted in profound and multiple losses in jobs, relationships, financial security, future plans, daily routine, hobbies, stamina and spontaneity (p. 362). Often physicians do not find a psychological explanation for the fatigue symptoms of this disorder. Individuals with CFS are often dismissed as being hypochondriacal, depressed, phobic or non-legitimate (Friedberg & Jason, 1998; Shorter, 1995). Significant stigmatization is frequently associated with CFS. Individuals with CFS vary considerably in their clinical presentations and often report a number of different medical and psychiatric symptoms. Because of this ambiguity, rehabilitation counselors may be called upon to play a critical role not only in the rehabilitation of, but also in detecting unsuspected cases of CFS among rehabilitation consumers (Albrecht & Wallace, 1998). Therefore, rehabilitation counselors need information to help them recognize and understand the symptoms, signs, and effects of CFS. The purpose of this article is to provide rehabilitation counselors with an overview of chronic fatigue syndrome that will allow them to skillfully inquire about and understand the consequences of this disorder. Rehabilitation counselors are continually expected to incorporate information about the functional limitations of disabling conditions and expand their existing knowledge base without compromising the continuity and quality of services for their consumers. Understanding CFS requires an understanding of the interrelationships between psychological/ affective and biological/medical variables. Information is presented in the following sequence: (a) etiology and symptomatology, (b) diagnoses and treatment, (c) functional limitations, and (d) rehabilitation implications and recommendations. The information is synthesized to assist rehabilitation counselors to better understand and serve their consumers with chronic fatigue syndrome. …" @default.
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• W200037517 date "2001-04-01" @default.
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• W200037517 title "Recognizing and Understanding Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Implications for Rehabilitation Counselors" @default.
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