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- W2000516181 abstract "The mechanism of the melanophore reaction of the skin of Hyla arborea (tree frog) has been studied. Apart from the specific hormones MSH and ACTH which elicit melanophore dispersion, the following substances produced darkening: theophylline and caffeine regularly, theobromine erratically, but not, however, dyphylline. Sodium iodoacetate and mercuric chloride elicited melanophore dispersion, which fact may be connected with their ability to block active SH groups. Melanophore dispersion is not dependent upon temperature (13–20°); at the unusual temperature of 37° frog melanophore dispersion is, however, inhibited. On the other hand, melanophore contraction is speeded up with increases in the ambient temperature; this points to the working theory that darkening is a passive reaction whereas lightening is an active reaction requiring energy. The assay of different inhibitors for their interaction with the energy supply has shown that only sodium benzoate inhibits melanophore contraction. This points to the possibility that the energy source should be sought either in the lipid metabolism or in the flavoproteins. Melanophore contraction (lightening reaction) was elicited by dyphylline and noradrenaline. The effect of adrenaline, melatonin and serotonin was insignificant. This points to a highly specific reaction of the Hyla melanophores. Based upon our experience of the effect of calcium on the melanophore reaction the theory is advanced that the passive stage of melanophore dispersion (darkening) is induced by entrance of Ca2+ into the cell and exit of K+. The active stage of melanophore contraction (lightening), however, needs an energy pump for either removal of Ca2+ from the cell or for forcing in of K+. The melanophore reaction is a convenient ‘slow-motion picture model’ for many coupling phenomena occurring in muscles, glands, nerves, etc." @default.
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- W2000516181 date "1964-06-01" @default.
- W2000516181 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2000516181 title "Mechanism of melanophore dispersion" @default.
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- W2000516181 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(64)90024-3" @default.
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