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- W2000589316 abstract "DOPAMINE is stored in specific neurons of the central nervous system,l where it in all probability plays a role as a, transmitter substance. Dopamine is formed from dietary tyrosine and it is metabolized to homovanillic acid @WA), which appears to be the major metabolite leaving the central nervous system (Fig. 1). From experiments in animals there is evidence that antipsychotic drugs markedly accelerate brain dopamine synthesis. Thus, following administration of chlorpromazine and haloperidol, levels of the dopamine metabolites, 3-methoxy-tyramine and HVA, are markedly elevated.2*3 The effects of drugs ‘on brain dopamine metabolism can also be studied using 14C-tyrosine as a tool. In a series of papers we have demonstrated that antipsychotic drugs belonging to the phenothiazine, thioxanthene, butyrophenone and dibenzoazepine series, all markedly accelerate synthesis as well as turnover of dopamine formed from 14C-tyrosine in the brain of rats and mice.4-6 It is evident from Table 1 that all the compounds tested, with the exception of promethazine which is a non-neuroleptic phenothiazine analogue, accelerate 14C-dopamine synthesis in brain of mice. Effects on 14C-noradrenaline are less consistent. Since such an acceleration of brain dopamine metabolism is not produced by other groups of psychoactive drugs as sedatives, antidepressants, central stimulants or hallucinogens,’ it appears likely that the acceleration of brain dopamine synthesis induced by neuroleptics is related to their antipsychotic efficacy.6,s The relatively specific effect of chlorpromazine and related neuroleptic drugs on schizophrenic behaviour,g and the demonstration of their marked effects on brain dopamine metabolism, suggested a role for dopamine in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.10-12 Since the doses of neuroleptics required to accelerate brain dopamine synthesis in animals are comparable to those used for treatment of schizophrenia in patients, one would also expect brain dopamine synthesis in the human brain to be markedly increased during treatment with neuroleptic drugs. This would also be expected if the antipsychotic efficacy of neuroleptics is related to an acceleration of brain dopamine synthesis. The evidence for the effects of neuroleptics on human brain dopamine metabolism is highly ambiguous .13 This may be due partly to the previous use of fluorimetric methods" @default.
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- W2000589316 date "1974-01-01" @default.
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- W2000589316 title "Mass fragmentometric determination of homovanillic acid in lumbar cerebro-spinal fluid of schizophrenic patients during treatment with antipsychotic drugs" @default.
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- W2000589316 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(74)90075-2" @default.
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