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• W2000650183 abstract "We have generated a 49‐year‐long, high‐resolution, stable isotope record from a fossil coral, Solenastrea bournoni , to evaluate regional sea surface conditions during the middle Pliocene (3.0 ± 0.5 Ma) in southwest Florida. Continuous routing of the coral slab at an interval of 0.76 mm produced ∼5 to 6 samples per year. The annual cycle is well defined in δ 18 O and δ 13 C records confirming the average yearly growth rate estimated from density banding of 4 to 5 mm/yr. High‐density bands are synchronous with the highest δ 18 O and δ 13 C values for 79% and 45% of the annual cycles recorded, respectively. The annual range in δ 18 O is 0.70 to 2.27‰ and in δ 13 C it is 0.31 to 2.21‰. Partitioning of the coral δ 18 O signal into sea surface temperature (SST) changes and δ 18 O water changes is difficult to estimate in the ancient. However, isotopic mass‐balance calculations, using modern climate data, suggest a partitioning of the δ 18 O signal into 8 to 12% salinity and 92 to 88% temperature at the sea surface. If 100% of the δ 18 O variation is attributed to temperature, the observed mean annual range in δ 18 O (mean = 1.54 ± 0.37‰) corresponds to a seasonal SST range of ∼7.0 ± 1.7°C (0.22‰/1°C), which is a mean of 3.5°C less than that of the present day. Isotope data are consistent with the hypothesis that δ 13 C values covary with the number of sunshine hours. Annually, peak δ 18 O values are often observed to precede peak δ 13 C values by one sample (i.e., about 2 months). We infer from the isotope pattern that periods of reduced SST were followed about 2 months later by periods of increased number of sunshine hours. This seasonal pattern is similar to that of southwest Florida today. Cross‐spectral analysis of fossil coral δ 18 O and δ 13 C documents coherency peaks, above the 95% confidence interval, at annual and subdecadal frequencies (1.0, 1.6, 2.9 and 5 year). The spectral phase angle between δ 18 O and δ 13 C at the annual frequency is −60 ± 10°, at the 95% confidence interval. The temporal equivalent of this angle is approximately 2 months, which confirms visual observations of seasonality from the isotope pattern." @default.
• W2000650183 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2000650183 date "1995-06-01" @default.
• W2000650183 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2000650183 title "Seasonal‐ to decadal‐scale climatic variability in southwest Florida during the Middle Pliocene: Inferences from a coralline stable isotope record" @default.
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• W2000650183 doi "https://doi.org/10.1029/95pa00374" @default.
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