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- W2000654105 abstract "Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common hospital-acquired acute kidney injury. Published studies on this condition have dramatically increased in recent years. This article aims to provide a brief literature review. English articles published from 1983 to 2012 were retrieved from PubMed by searching using the term “contrast-induced nephropathy.” Patients with CIN were associated with increased resource utilization, prolonged hospital stay, and increased long-term mortality. CIN is defined as a ≥0.5 mg/dL rise in serum creatinine or a 25% increase, assessed within 48–72 hours after administration of contrast medium (CM). All patients receiving CM should be evaluated for their CIN risk, especially preexisting kidney disease. The CM should be prewarmed to 37 °C and injected at the lowest possible dose. Repeat injection within 72 hours should be avoided. Either iso-osmolar CM or low-osmolar CM, except ioxaglate or iohexol, can be used in all patients. Iso-osmolar CM iodixanol may be a better choice for high-risk patients with chronic kidney disease requiring intra-arterial administration. Nephrotoxic drugs should be stopped 2 days prior to when the patient undergoes a procedure. All patients receiving CM should be at an optimal volume status. Parenteral isotonic saline without any diuretic should be started 12 hours prior to CM at a rate of 1 mL/kg/h and continued for 24 hours if there is no contraindication. In patients who require shorter volume supplement periods or are at a higher risk, bicarbonate infusion (154 mEq/L, 3 mL/kg/h for 1 hour bolus prior to CM, followed by 1 mL/kg/h for 6 hours) may be used as an alternative to isotonic saline. Oral N-acetylcysteine (600 mg bid, starting on the day prior to the procedure) together with parenteral hydration is suggested for patients at risk. Hemodialysis/hemofiltration is only considered in chronic kidney disease stage 4/5 patients when an access is available. The other medications or techniques for reducing CIN risk are still unclear. CIN is a potentially preventable clinical condition. A careful review of published reports gives us a deeper understanding of CIN and a greater chance of decreasing its risk." @default.
- W2000654105 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2000654105 creator A5000894439 @default.
- W2000654105 creator A5020084287 @default.
- W2000654105 date "2013-12-01" @default.
- W2000654105 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
- W2000654105 title "Current concepts of contrast-induced nephropathy: A brief review" @default.
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