FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2000743489> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2000743489 endingPage "1622" @default.
• W2000743489 startingPage "1620" @default.
• W2000743489 abstract "Thymoma patients with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) or hypogammaglobulinemia (Good's syndrome) are rare, whereas those with both PRCA and Good's syndrome are even rarer. Here we present the case report of a 70-year-old woman with invasive thymoma and simultaneous PRCA and Good's syndrome, who achieved complete PRCA remission after thymectomy. Thymoma patients with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) or hypogammaglobulinemia (Good's syndrome) are rare, whereas those with both PRCA and Good's syndrome are even rarer. Here we present the case report of a 70-year-old woman with invasive thymoma and simultaneous PRCA and Good's syndrome, who achieved complete PRCA remission after thymectomy. Thymoma is the most frequent primary neoplasm in the anterior mediastinum in adult patients. Approximately 40% of thymomas are associated with different paraneoplastic syndromes, such as myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, pemphigus, subacute sensory neuronopathy, pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), and immunodeficiency. Most of these are autoimmune or endocrine-related diseases. The most clinically important associations are myasthenia gravis, PRCA, and hypogammaglobulinemia. The PRCA is characterized by erythropoietic failure with preserved granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. Although PRCA occurs in only 5% of thymoma patients, thymomas are found in 50% of PRCA patients. Good's syndrome (GS) refers to the association of thymoma with immunodeficiency, occurring in approximately 6% to 11% of thymoma patients, and Good's syndrome is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, depleted B-cells, diminished T-cells, and the inversion of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio [1Good R. Agammaglobulinaemia—a provocative experiment of nature.Bull Univ Minn Hosp. 1954; 26: 1-19Google Scholar]. A few of the articles have discussed the relation between PRCA and thymoma or hypogammaglobulinemia and thymoma. The incidence of both PRCA and GS in a thymoma patient are extremely rare. Here we present the case report of a patient admitted to the hospital for 1-month duration of fatigue, whose results established the diagnosis of the invasive type-AB thymoma, combined with PRCA and hypogammaglobulinemia.The patient was admitted to our hospital in March 2008. She had a history of chronic leg lichen planus and tongue ulcers caused by fungal infection for more than 8 years (Fig 1). Her physical examination was unremarkable, except for the pale appearance, tongue ulcer, and lichen planus in both legs. The laboratory findings showed a red blood cell count of 1.31 × 1012/L, hemoglobin of 39 g/L, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 45 mm/h. Other biochemical data such as blood urea, electrolytes and liver function were all normal. Bone marrow aspirate revealed an extremely low fraction of erythrocyte with no abnormalities in mature red blood cell formation, and without dysplasia of leukocytes or platelets, which yielded to pure red cell aplasia. She also had a front-mediastinal mass, tentatively diagnosed as thymoma from the computed tomographic scans and chest roentgenogram (Figs 2A –2C), and hypogammaglobulinemia, including IgG of 1.97 g/dL, IgA of < 0.31 g/dL, IgM of < 0.301 g/dL and IgD < 0.1 g/dL. The surface antigen of lymphocytes from peripheral blood analyzed by flow cytometry demonstrated 42.6% of CD8+ cells as compared with 35.1% CD4+ cells with an inversion of the CD8+/CD4+ ratio. Saliva culture yielded candida albicans. Clinical diagnosis was suggested to be the invasive thymoma accompanied with pure red cell aplasia and GS. There was no radiographic evidence of metastatic disease.Fig 2(A, B) Computed tomographic scan confirmed mediastinal abnormality, demonstrating a 10-cm mass in the left upper mediastinum; (C) chest roentgenogram showed an extensive shadow in the left mediastinum; (D) histology: type-AB medullary thymoma in the World Health Organization classification. (Hematoxylin and eosin; ×100.)View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload (PPT)Because the patient presented with anemia, fungal infection, and immunodeficiency, she was given intermittent blood transfusions, fluconazole (150 mg every day for 2 weeks), and intravenous infusion of gammaglobulin (5 g every day for 1 week) before the thymectomy. Then the patient underwent an extensive thymectomy with lymph node dissection and the invaded tissue dissection through a middle thoracotomy that revealed an incompletely encapsulated mass (measuring 12 × 10 × 10.5 cm in size and 0.5 kg in weight). The histologic diagnosis was type-AB thymoma (Fig 2D). After the operation, the patient was given gammaglobulin (5 g every day for 1 week), immunostimulant thymus-5 (1.6 mg every day for 2 weeks), and anti-fungus treatment voriconazole (400 mg every day for 2 weeks). The patient recovered well and was discharged 3 weeks after the operation. The patient's red blood cells and hemoglobin increased after operation. Her hemoglobin recovered to approximately 10g/L at 2 months after the operation. Further therapies (such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy) were not given. At the patient's 12-month follow-up, she remained well, with no tumor recurrence or metastasis. Unfortunately, the patient died at her 16-month, postoperative follow-up because of lung fungal infection. At that time, there was still no radiographic evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis, and the patient's hemoglobin was at 70 g/L.CommentThymoma is one of the most common tumors in the mediastinum of the adults [2Mullen B. Richardson J.D. Primary anterior mediastinal tumors in children and adults.Ann Thorac Surg. 1986; 42: 338-345Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (177) Google Scholar], with 95% of thymoma occurring in the front mediastinum. The clinical syndrome of thymoma depends on the compression to the nearby organs of the tumor and its unique syndrome. Thymoma can present with cough, dyspnea, or chest pain, or it may present as an asymptomatic incidental mass, which represents approximately 50% of patients. The unique syndromes of the thymoma include some paraneoplastic syndrome, as myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, hypogammaglobulinamia, nephritis and nephrotic syndrome, and so forth. In this case, the patient presented with an asymptomatic mass, but with a history of chronic leg lichen planus and tongue ulcers caused by a fungal infection, which indicated an immunodeficiency condition.Thymoma was accompanied in our patient by hypogammaglobulinemia, a phenomenon that occurs in approximately 10% of thymoma patients and has been termed as GS [3Kelleher P. Misbah S.A. What is Good's syndrome? Immunological abnormalities in patients with thymoma.J Clin Pathol. 2003; 56: 12-16Crossref PubMed Scopus (194) Google Scholar]. The patients tend to have an increased susceptibility to the opportunistic bacterial, fungal, or viral infections of the respiratory tract, intestine, skin, or mucosa due to immunodeficiency. The principal immunologic findings in GS are hypogammaglobulinemia, reduced or absent B or T cells, and an inverted ratio of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes.The clinical course in our patient also indicates a PRCA with thymoma, because the bone marrow morphology did fulfill the diagnostic criteria of PRCA. Pure red cell aplasia is characterized by erythropoietic failure with preserved granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis [4Murakawa T. Nakajima J. Sato H. Tanaka M. Takamoto S. Fukayama M. Thymoma associated with pure red-cell aplasia: clinical features and prognosis.Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2002; 10: 150-154Crossref PubMed Scopus (38) Google Scholar, 5Thompson C.A. Pure red cell aplasia and thymoma.J Thorac Oncol. 2007; 2: 263-264Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar]. The diagnosis should be suspected in a patient with isolated anemia and absent reticulocytes, and should be confirmed with a bone marrow examination.The treatment for thymoma is the surgical removal or debulking of the tumor, and the most important indicator of long-term prognosis is completeness of tumor resection [6Bhargava R. Dolai T.K. Singhal D. Mahapatra M. Mishra P. Rathod N. Rathi S. Pure red cell aplasia associated with thymoma: is thymectomy the cure?.Leuk Res. 2009; 33: e17-e18Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (6) Google Scholar, 7Lin C.S. Yu Y.B. Hsu H.S. Chou T.Y. Hsu W.H. Huang B.S. Pure red cell aplasia and hypogammaglobulinemia in a patient with thymoma.J Chin Med Assoc. 2009; 72: 34-38Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar, 8Van Kolen K.P.L. Heyman S. Pauwels P. Van Schil P. Prognostic factors and genetic markers in thymoma.Thoracic Cancer. 2010; 1: 133-140Crossref Scopus (11) Google Scholar]. Radiotherapy and combined chemotherapy are often required for advanced stage 3 and stage 4 patients. There are 25% ∼ 30% of patients who will acquire partial or complete anemia relief after surgical removal of the thymoma, whereas some of the patients need a permanent blood transfusion. If the erythropoiesis does not return within 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively, systemic corticosteroids should be initiated, but an increased frequency of various infections was seen because GS is an immunodeficiency condition. In our case, we did not use any immunosuppressive agents for anemia improvement due to GS. Similar to previously reported cases, the immunodeficiency in our patient might have been responsible for the life-threatening fungal septicemia after surgery. Therefore, we used intermittent immunoglobulin infusion therapy and thymus-5 to enhance immune function to treat the patient before and after the operation. This treatment strategy seems to have a good result for the recovery of our patient with thymectomy. Although thymectomy normalized erythropoiesis in the present case, the indication for treating PRCA by thymectomy, which yields no benefit to GS, must be carefully determined. Our case highlights the unique problem in treating patients with PRCA accompanied by GS. Not the immunosuppressive agents, but the immunoenhancing agents may be used during therapy for PRCA in the immunodeficiency condition. In addition, although our case with thymoma was in advanced stage 3, further therapies (such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy) were not given. The main reason for not using any further therapies were that the patient was too weak to attempt it, and the patient was not willing to accept chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In fact, the patient died due to pulmonary infection, indicating that the fungal infection was the main life-threatening cause for the patient with immunodeficiency. In our case, due to the completeness of tumor resection, we did not found the tumor recurrence or metastasis, or either one of these at the 16-month postoperative follow-up. Thymoma is the most frequent primary neoplasm in the anterior mediastinum in adult patients. Approximately 40% of thymomas are associated with different paraneoplastic syndromes, such as myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, pemphigus, subacute sensory neuronopathy, pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), and immunodeficiency. Most of these are autoimmune or endocrine-related diseases. The most clinically important associations are myasthenia gravis, PRCA, and hypogammaglobulinemia. The PRCA is characterized by erythropoietic failure with preserved granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. Although PRCA occurs in only 5% of thymoma patients, thymomas are found in 50% of PRCA patients. Good's syndrome (GS) refers to the association of thymoma with immunodeficiency, occurring in approximately 6% to 11% of thymoma patients, and Good's syndrome is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, depleted B-cells, diminished T-cells, and the inversion of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio [1Good R. Agammaglobulinaemia—a provocative experiment of nature.Bull Univ Minn Hosp. 1954; 26: 1-19Google Scholar]. A few of the articles have discussed the relation between PRCA and thymoma or hypogammaglobulinemia and thymoma. The incidence of both PRCA and GS in a thymoma patient are extremely rare. Here we present the case report of a patient admitted to the hospital for 1-month duration of fatigue, whose results established the diagnosis of the invasive type-AB thymoma, combined with PRCA and hypogammaglobulinemia. The patient was admitted to our hospital in March 2008. She had a history of chronic leg lichen planus and tongue ulcers caused by fungal infection for more than 8 years (Fig 1). Her physical examination was unremarkable, except for the pale appearance, tongue ulcer, and lichen planus in both legs. The laboratory findings showed a red blood cell count of 1.31 × 1012/L, hemoglobin of 39 g/L, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 45 mm/h. Other biochemical data such as blood urea, electrolytes and liver function were all normal. Bone marrow aspirate revealed an extremely low fraction of erythrocyte with no abnormalities in mature red blood cell formation, and without dysplasia of leukocytes or platelets, which yielded to pure red cell aplasia. She also had a front-mediastinal mass, tentatively diagnosed as thymoma from the computed tomographic scans and chest roentgenogram (Figs 2A –2C), and hypogammaglobulinemia, including IgG of 1.97 g/dL, IgA of < 0.31 g/dL, IgM of < 0.301 g/dL and IgD < 0.1 g/dL. The surface antigen of lymphocytes from peripheral blood analyzed by flow cytometry demonstrated 42.6% of CD8+ cells as compared with 35.1% CD4+ cells with an inversion of the CD8+/CD4+ ratio. Saliva culture yielded candida albicans. Clinical diagnosis was suggested to be the invasive thymoma accompanied with pure red cell aplasia and GS. There was no radiographic evidence of metastatic disease. Because the patient presented with anemia, fungal infection, and immunodeficiency, she was given intermittent blood transfusions, fluconazole (150 mg every day for 2 weeks), and intravenous infusion of gammaglobulin (5 g every day for 1 week) before the thymectomy. Then the patient underwent an extensive thymectomy with lymph node dissection and the invaded tissue dissection through a middle thoracotomy that revealed an incompletely encapsulated mass (measuring 12 × 10 × 10.5 cm in size and 0.5 kg in weight). The histologic diagnosis was type-AB thymoma (Fig 2D). After the operation, the patient was given gammaglobulin (5 g every day for 1 week), immunostimulant thymus-5 (1.6 mg every day for 2 weeks), and anti-fungus treatment voriconazole (400 mg every day for 2 weeks). The patient recovered well and was discharged 3 weeks after the operation. The patient's red blood cells and hemoglobin increased after operation. Her hemoglobin recovered to approximately 10g/L at 2 months after the operation. Further therapies (such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy) were not given. At the patient's 12-month follow-up, she remained well, with no tumor recurrence or metastasis. Unfortunately, the patient died at her 16-month, postoperative follow-up because of lung fungal infection. At that time, there was still no radiographic evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis, and the patient's hemoglobin was at 70 g/L. CommentThymoma is one of the most common tumors in the mediastinum of the adults [2Mullen B. Richardson J.D. Primary anterior mediastinal tumors in children and adults.Ann Thorac Surg. 1986; 42: 338-345Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (177) Google Scholar], with 95% of thymoma occurring in the front mediastinum. The clinical syndrome of thymoma depends on the compression to the nearby organs of the tumor and its unique syndrome. Thymoma can present with cough, dyspnea, or chest pain, or it may present as an asymptomatic incidental mass, which represents approximately 50% of patients. The unique syndromes of the thymoma include some paraneoplastic syndrome, as myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, hypogammaglobulinamia, nephritis and nephrotic syndrome, and so forth. In this case, the patient presented with an asymptomatic mass, but with a history of chronic leg lichen planus and tongue ulcers caused by a fungal infection, which indicated an immunodeficiency condition.Thymoma was accompanied in our patient by hypogammaglobulinemia, a phenomenon that occurs in approximately 10% of thymoma patients and has been termed as GS [3Kelleher P. Misbah S.A. What is Good's syndrome? Immunological abnormalities in patients with thymoma.J Clin Pathol. 2003; 56: 12-16Crossref PubMed Scopus (194) Google Scholar]. The patients tend to have an increased susceptibility to the opportunistic bacterial, fungal, or viral infections of the respiratory tract, intestine, skin, or mucosa due to immunodeficiency. The principal immunologic findings in GS are hypogammaglobulinemia, reduced or absent B or T cells, and an inverted ratio of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes.The clinical course in our patient also indicates a PRCA with thymoma, because the bone marrow morphology did fulfill the diagnostic criteria of PRCA. Pure red cell aplasia is characterized by erythropoietic failure with preserved granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis [4Murakawa T. Nakajima J. Sato H. Tanaka M. Takamoto S. Fukayama M. Thymoma associated with pure red-cell aplasia: clinical features and prognosis.Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2002; 10: 150-154Crossref PubMed Scopus (38) Google Scholar, 5Thompson C.A. Pure red cell aplasia and thymoma.J Thorac Oncol. 2007; 2: 263-264Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar]. The diagnosis should be suspected in a patient with isolated anemia and absent reticulocytes, and should be confirmed with a bone marrow examination.The treatment for thymoma is the surgical removal or debulking of the tumor, and the most important indicator of long-term prognosis is completeness of tumor resection [6Bhargava R. Dolai T.K. Singhal D. Mahapatra M. Mishra P. Rathod N. Rathi S. Pure red cell aplasia associated with thymoma: is thymectomy the cure?.Leuk Res. 2009; 33: e17-e18Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (6) Google Scholar, 7Lin C.S. Yu Y.B. Hsu H.S. Chou T.Y. Hsu W.H. Huang B.S. Pure red cell aplasia and hypogammaglobulinemia in a patient with thymoma.J Chin Med Assoc. 2009; 72: 34-38Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar, 8Van Kolen K.P.L. Heyman S. Pauwels P. Van Schil P. Prognostic factors and genetic markers in thymoma.Thoracic Cancer. 2010; 1: 133-140Crossref Scopus (11) Google Scholar]. Radiotherapy and combined chemotherapy are often required for advanced stage 3 and stage 4 patients. There are 25% ∼ 30% of patients who will acquire partial or complete anemia relief after surgical removal of the thymoma, whereas some of the patients need a permanent blood transfusion. If the erythropoiesis does not return within 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively, systemic corticosteroids should be initiated, but an increased frequency of various infections was seen because GS is an immunodeficiency condition. In our case, we did not use any immunosuppressive agents for anemia improvement due to GS. Similar to previously reported cases, the immunodeficiency in our patient might have been responsible for the life-threatening fungal septicemia after surgery. Therefore, we used intermittent immunoglobulin infusion therapy and thymus-5 to enhance immune function to treat the patient before and after the operation. This treatment strategy seems to have a good result for the recovery of our patient with thymectomy. Although thymectomy normalized erythropoiesis in the present case, the indication for treating PRCA by thymectomy, which yields no benefit to GS, must be carefully determined. Our case highlights the unique problem in treating patients with PRCA accompanied by GS. Not the immunosuppressive agents, but the immunoenhancing agents may be used during therapy for PRCA in the immunodeficiency condition. In addition, although our case with thymoma was in advanced stage 3, further therapies (such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy) were not given. The main reason for not using any further therapies were that the patient was too weak to attempt it, and the patient was not willing to accept chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In fact, the patient died due to pulmonary infection, indicating that the fungal infection was the main life-threatening cause for the patient with immunodeficiency. In our case, due to the completeness of tumor resection, we did not found the tumor recurrence or metastasis, or either one of these at the 16-month postoperative follow-up. Thymoma is one of the most common tumors in the mediastinum of the adults [2Mullen B. Richardson J.D. Primary anterior mediastinal tumors in children and adults.Ann Thorac Surg. 1986; 42: 338-345Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (177) Google Scholar], with 95% of thymoma occurring in the front mediastinum. The clinical syndrome of thymoma depends on the compression to the nearby organs of the tumor and its unique syndrome. Thymoma can present with cough, dyspnea, or chest pain, or it may present as an asymptomatic incidental mass, which represents approximately 50% of patients. The unique syndromes of the thymoma include some paraneoplastic syndrome, as myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, hypogammaglobulinamia, nephritis and nephrotic syndrome, and so forth. In this case, the patient presented with an asymptomatic mass, but with a history of chronic leg lichen planus and tongue ulcers caused by a fungal infection, which indicated an immunodeficiency condition. Thymoma was accompanied in our patient by hypogammaglobulinemia, a phenomenon that occurs in approximately 10% of thymoma patients and has been termed as GS [3Kelleher P. Misbah S.A. What is Good's syndrome? Immunological abnormalities in patients with thymoma.J Clin Pathol. 2003; 56: 12-16Crossref PubMed Scopus (194) Google Scholar]. The patients tend to have an increased susceptibility to the opportunistic bacterial, fungal, or viral infections of the respiratory tract, intestine, skin, or mucosa due to immunodeficiency. The principal immunologic findings in GS are hypogammaglobulinemia, reduced or absent B or T cells, and an inverted ratio of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes. The clinical course in our patient also indicates a PRCA with thymoma, because the bone marrow morphology did fulfill the diagnostic criteria of PRCA. Pure red cell aplasia is characterized by erythropoietic failure with preserved granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis [4Murakawa T. Nakajima J. Sato H. Tanaka M. Takamoto S. Fukayama M. Thymoma associated with pure red-cell aplasia: clinical features and prognosis.Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2002; 10: 150-154Crossref PubMed Scopus (38) Google Scholar, 5Thompson C.A. Pure red cell aplasia and thymoma.J Thorac Oncol. 2007; 2: 263-264Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar]. The diagnosis should be suspected in a patient with isolated anemia and absent reticulocytes, and should be confirmed with a bone marrow examination. The treatment for thymoma is the surgical removal or debulking of the tumor, and the most important indicator of long-term prognosis is completeness of tumor resection [6Bhargava R. Dolai T.K. Singhal D. Mahapatra M. Mishra P. Rathod N. Rathi S. Pure red cell aplasia associated with thymoma: is thymectomy the cure?.Leuk Res. 2009; 33: e17-e18Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (6) Google Scholar, 7Lin C.S. Yu Y.B. Hsu H.S. Chou T.Y. Hsu W.H. Huang B.S. Pure red cell aplasia and hypogammaglobulinemia in a patient with thymoma.J Chin Med Assoc. 2009; 72: 34-38Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar, 8Van Kolen K.P.L. Heyman S. Pauwels P. Van Schil P. Prognostic factors and genetic markers in thymoma.Thoracic Cancer. 2010; 1: 133-140Crossref Scopus (11) Google Scholar]. Radiotherapy and combined chemotherapy are often required for advanced stage 3 and stage 4 patients. There are 25% ∼ 30% of patients who will acquire partial or complete anemia relief after surgical removal of the thymoma, whereas some of the patients need a permanent blood transfusion. If the erythropoiesis does not return within 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively, systemic corticosteroids should be initiated, but an increased frequency of various infections was seen because GS is an immunodeficiency condition. In our case, we did not use any immunosuppressive agents for anemia improvement due to GS. Similar to previously reported cases, the immunodeficiency in our patient might have been responsible for the life-threatening fungal septicemia after surgery. Therefore, we used intermittent immunoglobulin infusion therapy and thymus-5 to enhance immune function to treat the patient before and after the operation. This treatment strategy seems to have a good result for the recovery of our patient with thymectomy. Although thymectomy normalized erythropoiesis in the present case, the indication for treating PRCA by thymectomy, which yields no benefit to GS, must be carefully determined. Our case highlights the unique problem in treating patients with PRCA accompanied by GS. Not the immunosuppressive agents, but the immunoenhancing agents may be used during therapy for PRCA in the immunodeficiency condition. In addition, although our case with thymoma was in advanced stage 3, further therapies (such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy) were not given. The main reason for not using any further therapies were that the patient was too weak to attempt it, and the patient was not willing to accept chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In fact, the patient died due to pulmonary infection, indicating that the fungal infection was the main life-threatening cause for the patient with immunodeficiency. In our case, due to the completeness of tumor resection, we did not found the tumor recurrence or metastasis, or either one of these at the 16-month postoperative follow-up." @default.
• W2000743489 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2000743489 creator A5000937050 @default.
• W2000743489 creator A5020568119 @default.
• W2000743489 creator A5031773720 @default.
• W2000743489 creator A5045067652 @default.
• W2000743489 creator A5072015275 @default.
• W2000743489 creator A5073121428 @default.
• W2000743489 creator A5082857859 @default.
• W2000743489 date "2011-05-01" @default.
• W2000743489 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2000743489 title "Thymoma With Pure Red Cell Aplasia and Good's Syndrome" @default.
• W2000743489 cites W1554931227 @default.
• W2000743489 cites W2001249861 @default.
• W2000743489 cites W2029727269 @default.
• W2000743489 cites W2047071260 @default.
• W2000743489 cites W2084714860 @default.
• W2000743489 cites W2136699613 @default.
• W2000743489 cites W1982253100 @default.
• W2000743489 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.10.010" @default.
• W2000743489 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21524480" @default.
• W2000743489 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
• W2000743489 type Work @default.
• W2000743489 sameAs 2000743489 @default.
• W2000743489 citedByCount "20" @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892012 @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892013 @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892014 @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892015 @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892017 @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892018 @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892019 @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892020 @default.
• W2000743489 countsByYear W20007434892021 @default.
• W2000743489 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2000743489 hasAuthorship W2000743489A5000937050 @default.
• W2000743489 hasAuthorship W2000743489A5020568119 @default.
• W2000743489 hasAuthorship W2000743489A5031773720 @default.
• W2000743489 hasAuthorship W2000743489A5045067652 @default.
• W2000743489 hasAuthorship W2000743489A5072015275 @default.
• W2000743489 hasAuthorship W2000743489A5073121428 @default.
• W2000743489 hasAuthorship W2000743489A5082857859 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConcept C141071460 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConcept C142724271 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConcept C16005928 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConcept C2777422296 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConcept C2778368355 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConcept C2779159893 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConcept C2780007613 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConceptScore W2000743489C141071460 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConceptScore W2000743489C142724271 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConceptScore W2000743489C16005928 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConceptScore W2000743489C2777422296 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConceptScore W2000743489C2778368355 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConceptScore W2000743489C2779159893 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConceptScore W2000743489C2780007613 @default.
• W2000743489 hasConceptScore W2000743489C71924100 @default.
• W2000743489 hasIssue "5" @default.
• W2000743489 hasLocation W20007434891 @default.
• W2000743489 hasLocation W20007434892 @default.
• W2000743489 hasOpenAccess W2000743489 @default.
• W2000743489 hasPrimaryLocation W20007434891 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2000743489 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2029260401 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2084714860 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2103722836 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2171229138 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2277983314 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2377778008 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2381523224 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2416990984 @default.
• W2000743489 hasRelatedWork W2884363359 @default.
• W2000743489 hasVolume "91" @default.
• W2000743489 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2000743489 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2000743489 magId "2000743489" @default.
• W2000743489 workType "article" @default.