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• W2000949621 abstract "The recent finding that the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) encases itself in a carbohydrate-rich adhesive extracellular ‘cocoon’, which enables its efficient and protected transfer between cells, unveiled a new infectious entity and a novel mechanism of viral transmission. These HTLV-1 structures are observed at the surface of T cells from HTLV-1-infected patients and are reminiscent of bacterial biofilms. The virus controls the synthesis of the matrix, which surrounds the virions and attaches them to the T cell surface. We propose that, similar to bacterial biofilms, viral biofilms could represent ‘viral communities’ with enhanced infectious capacity and improved spread compared with ‘free’ viral particles, and might constitute a key reservoir for chronic infections. The recent finding that the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) encases itself in a carbohydrate-rich adhesive extracellular ‘cocoon’, which enables its efficient and protected transfer between cells, unveiled a new infectious entity and a novel mechanism of viral transmission. These HTLV-1 structures are observed at the surface of T cells from HTLV-1-infected patients and are reminiscent of bacterial biofilms. The virus controls the synthesis of the matrix, which surrounds the virions and attaches them to the T cell surface. We propose that, similar to bacterial biofilms, viral biofilms could represent ‘viral communities’ with enhanced infectious capacity and improved spread compared with ‘free’ viral particles, and might constitute a key reservoir for chronic infections. virus-induced, specialized cell–cell contact area that promotes the directed transmission of viruses between cells, by concentrating virions and viral receptors. Virological synapses are thought to maximize the efficiency of transmission and limit the exposure of the virus to the host defense mechanisms. can be defined as microbial aggregates encased in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances highly enriched in exopolysaccharides produced by the bacteria. Biofilms are usually found on solid, liquid or biological surfaces. Extracellular matrix proteins (such as fibrinogen) or lectins (such as galectin-3) produced by host cells can also cooperate with bacterial proteins, and enhance cohesion and adhesiveness. Biofilms protect microbial colonies from the environment, modify their metabolism, and are a mode of symbiotic life between different bacterial strains present in the biofilm, and between bacteria and the colonized tissue." @default.
• W2000949621 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2000949621 date "2011-06-01" @default.
• W2000949621 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2000949621 title "Can viruses form biofilms?" @default.
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• W2000949621 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2011.03.002" @default.
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