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• W2001043000 abstract "Discrete populations of brainstem spinal projection neurons (SPNs) have been shown to exhibit behavior-specific responses during locomotion [1Deliagina T.G. Beloozerova I.N. Zelenin P.V. Orlovsky G.N. Spinal and supraspinal postural networks.Brain Res. Rev. 2008; 57: 212-221Crossref PubMed Scopus (96) Google Scholar, 2Deliagina T.G. Zelenin P.V. Fagerstedt P. Grillner S. Orlovsky G.N. Activity of reticulospinal neurons during locomotion in the freely behaving lamprey.J. Neurophysiol. 2000; 83: 853-863PubMed Google Scholar, 3Fagerstedt P. Orlovsky G.N. Deliagina T.G. Grillner S. Ullén F. Lateral turns in the Lamprey. II. Activity of reticulospinal neurons during the generation of fictive turns.J. Neurophysiol. 2001; 86: 2257-2265PubMed Google Scholar, 4Grillner S. Wallén P. Saitoh K. Kozlov A. Robertson B. Neural bases of goal-directed locomotion in vertebrates—an overview.Brain Res. Rev. 2008; 57: 2-12Crossref PubMed Scopus (243) Google Scholar, 5Zelenin P.V. Activity of individual reticulospinal neurons during different forms of locomotion in the lamprey.Eur. J. Neurosci. 2005; 22: 2271-2282Crossref PubMed Scopus (34) Google Scholar, 6DiDomenico R. Nissanov J. Eaton R.C. Lateralization and adaptation of a continuously variable behavior following lesions of a reticulospinal command neuron.Brain Res. 1988; 473: 15-28Crossref PubMed Scopus (45) Google Scholar, 7Nissanov J. Eaton R.C. DiDomenico R. The motor output of the Mauthner cell, a reticulospinal command neuron.Brain Res. 1990; 517: 88-98Crossref PubMed Scopus (89) Google Scholar, 8O’Malley D.M. Kao Y.H. Fetcho J.R. Imaging the functional organization of zebrafish hindbrain segments during escape behaviors.Neuron. 1996; 17: 1145-1155Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (246) Google Scholar, 9Liu K.S. Fetcho J.R. Laser ablations reveal functional relationships of segmental hindbrain neurons in zebrafish.Neuron. 1999; 23: 325-335Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (319) Google Scholar], suggesting that separate descending pathways, each dedicated to a specific behavior, control locomotion. In an alternative model, a large variety of motor outputs could be generated from different combinations of a small number of basic motor pathways. We examined this possibility by studying the precise role of ventromedially located hindbrain SPNs (vSPNs) in generating turning behaviors. We found that unilateral laser ablation of vSPNs reduces the tail deflection and cycle period specifically during the first undulation cycle of a swim bout, whereas later tail movements are unaffected. This holds true during phototaxic [10Burgess H.A. Schoch H. Granato M. Distinct retinal pathways drive spatial orientation behaviors in zebrafish navigation.Curr. Biol. 2010; 20: 381-386Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (80) Google Scholar], optomotor [11Orger M.B. Kampff A.R. Severi K.E. Bollmann J.H. Engert F. Control of visually guided behavior by distinct populations of spinal projection neurons.Nat. Neurosci. 2008; 11: 327-333Crossref PubMed Scopus (183) Google Scholar], dark-flash-induced [12Burgess H.A. Granato M. Modulation of locomotor activity in larval zebrafish during light adaptation.J. Exp. Biol. 2007; 210: 2526-2539Crossref PubMed Scopus (319) Google Scholar], and spontaneous turns [13Budick S.A. O’Malley D.M. Locomotor repertoire of the larval zebrafish: swimming, turning and prey capture.J. Exp. Biol. 2000; 203: 2565-2579Crossref PubMed Google Scholar], suggesting a universal role of these neurons in controlling turning behaviors. Importantly, we found that the ablation not only abolishes turns but also results in a dramatic increase in the number of forward swims, suggesting that these neurons transform forward swims into turns by introducing turning kinematics into a basic motor pattern of symmetric tail undulations. Finally, we show that vSPN activity is direction specific and graded by turning angle. Together, these results provide a clear example of how a specific motor pattern can be transformed into different behavioral events by the graded activation of a small set of SPNs." @default.
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• W2001043000 date "2013-08-01" @default.
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• W2001043000 title "Spinal Projection Neurons Control Turning Behaviors in Zebrafish" @default.
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• W2001043000 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.06.044" @default.
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