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• W2002048617 abstract "South Amerindians are frequently thought of as a rather biologically homogeneous megapopulation. However, when native South Americans are assessed by information coming from DNA variability analysis, they resolve into two, major distinct entities of Eastern and Western zones. The purpose of this study is to investigate if the same dual pattern emerges from craniometric data. We approached this question by means of functional craniometric variables. We found strong evidence that Westerners and Easterners constitute two distinct and independent microevolutionary universes when cranial morphology is assessed. The existence of a third universe, Northwest, cannot be completely ruled out, but needs further investigation. We also discovered that Westerners and Easterners present similar degrees of internal variation, contrary to the findings of geneticists and molecular biologists. Palaeoamericans seem to be more similar to Easterners than to Westerners and North-Westerners. Our results suggest that this East–West cranial differentiation is more probably the result of differential rates of genetic drift and gene flow acting on each side of the Cordillera. However, different intensities of gene flow between Palaeoamericans and Amerindians in the highlands and in the lowlands cannot be completely dismissed as a possible explanation for the differentiation found. Se piensa frecuentemente que los aborígenes sudamericanos son, en un sentido biológico, prácticamente homogéneos. Sin embargo, cuando la variabilidad entre diferentes grupos fue estudiada mediante análisis de ADN, dicha megapoblación se resuelve en dos entidades diferentes, que se corresponden con las regiones este y oeste de Sudamérica, actuando el cordón cordillerano como divisoria. El propósito del presente estudio es determinar si el mismo patrón de dualidad aparece en función de un análisis basado en las variables craneofuncionales. Fué hallada una fuerte evidencia que indica que los sudamericanos orientales y occidentales constituyen dos universos microevolutivos diferentes. La existencia de un tercer universo (Noroeste sudamericano) tampoco debe ser desechada, aúnque necesita ser más investigada. También fué descubierto que, tanto las poblaciones ubicadas a oriente como a occidente presentan grados similares de variación interna, contrariamente a lo supuesto por los genetistas y biólogos moleculares. Los Paleoamericanos parecen guardar mayor similitud con las poblaciones orientales que con las occidentales y noroccidentales. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la diferenciación Este–Oeste es muy probablemente producida por efectos de deriva y flujo génico que actuaron diferencialmente a cada lado del cordón cordillerano. Tampoco debe descartarse un efecto basado en diferentes intensidades de flujo génico entre Paleoamericanos y Amerindios a ambos lados de la cordillera, como posible efecto contribuyente a la diferenciación hallada." @default.
• W2002048617 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2002048617 date "2006-05-01" @default.
• W2002048617 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2002048617 title "East–West cranial differentiation in pre-Columbian human populations of South America" @default.
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• W2002048617 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2005.12.003" @default.
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