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• W200319496 abstract "The research protocols for mass propagation of important pistachio rootstocks and commercial cultivars using tissue culture techniques was conducted in 5 different projects including: 1. Developing practical protocols for micropropagation of 6 important pistachio rootstocks: In this project different stages of micropropagation including surface sterilization, culture establishment, basal culture medium and concentration of growth regulators for shoot proliferation and then for rooting, suitable strategies to overcome encountered propagation problems and finally the efficient methods for transferring plantlets to in vivo conditions and acclimatization were investigated in the Department of Tissue Culture and Gene Transfer of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII). Plant materials used were nodal explants taken from actively-growing healthy current-year twigs from adult trees (15 – 20 years old) of 6 different pistachio rootstocks including Pistacia vera cv. Badami Zarand, P. atlantica, P. mutica, P. khinjuk, P. integrima and UCB1, and in vitro germinated seeds of these rootstocks, all supplied by Iranian Pistachio Research Institute (Rafsanjan, Kerman Province). Briefly, DKW basal culture medium supplemented with 2.0 mgL-1 BAP, 10 mgL-1 thiamin-HCl, 1 mgL-1 nicotinic acid, 1 mgL-1 pyridoxine-HCl, 100 mgL-1 myo-inositol, 73.4 mgL-1 Fe-Na-EDTA, 30 grL-1 sucrose and 7 grL-1 agar found to be the most suitable medium for shoot growth and multiplication. Incubation under a 16-hour photoperiod at 27±1 °C gave more shoot growth and proliferation but was associated with higher shoot tip necrosis. An incubation temperature of 24±1 °C gave less necrosis. Experiments were also conducted on micropropagation of P. mutica and P. khinjuk species using explants from in vitro- germinated seeds. For root induction, modified MS medium (half concentration of macro elements) supplemented with 2.0 mgL-1 IBA plus 0.5 mgL-1 NAA and 1 mgL-1 thiamin-HCl, 1 mgL-1 nicotinic acid, 1 mgL-1 pyridoxine-HCl, 100 mgL-1 myo-inositol and 30 grL-1 sucrose, solidified with 8 gL-1 agar found to be the most effective medium composition. Using micro-shoots of about 20-30 mm in length and an incubation temperature of 26±1 °C gave better results. A preliminary 6 to 7-day dark incubation and subsequently a further two weeks under 16 h-photoperiod at 26±1 °C was necessary for effective root induction. For root development, micro-shoots with root primordia had to be transferred to a hormone-free culture medium for about 20 days before transferring to in vivo conditions for acclimatization. 2. Developing practical protocols for micropropagation of some important pistachio commercial cultivars and 2 selected male varieties: In this project different stages of micropropagation of 4 pistachio commercial cultivars (Owhadi, Kalleh Ghoochi, Akbary and Ahmad Aghaii) and 2 male varieties (R-31 and R-20) were optimized using nodal explants taken from actively-growing healthy current-year twigs from adult trees of 15 – 20 years old as well as in vitro-germinated seeds, all supplied by Iranian Pistachio Research Institute (Rafsanjan, Kerman Province). Experiments carried out using twigs in all of the mentioned cultivars showed little or no success in culture establishment due to severe internal contamination and phenolic exudation from the explants. Frequent subculturing every 2-3 days within the first two weeks after initial culture did reduce the phenolic exudation problem but most of the explants did not respond to shoot induction treatments and remained inactive for long time (about 4 months). Severe heading and pruning of the donor trees was carried out in the winter and the young shoots in the spring season were used but this also had little success. However, it was possible to establish cultures from Owhadi and R-31 and shoot proliferation and rooting stages were optimized for them. DKW basal culture medium with doubled concentration of FeNa2EDTA supplemented with B5 vitamins and 2 mg/L BAP was the best medium composition for shoot proliferation of Owhadi and R-31 cultivars. For rooting, a modified MS medium (half strength of its macro and micro elements and normal concentration of FeNa2EDTA) supplemented with 2.5 mg/L NAA and 0.1 mg/L IBA gave the best results." @default.
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• W200319496 date "2008-01-01" @default.
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• W200319496 title "Developing protocols for mass propagation of important pistachio rootstocks and commercial cultivars using tissue culture techniques." @default.
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