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• W2003204240 abstract "Pipecolic acid, a lysine metabolite, is thought to be a factor responsible for hepatic encephalopathy; however, the underlying mechanism is far from understood. Twenty minutes treatment with d-, l-, and dl-pipecolic acid at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μM, except for 1 μM l-pipecolic acid, had no inhibitory effect on excitatory postsynaptic responses in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal slices. In a whole-cell voltage-clamp configuration, dl-pipecolic acid (10 and 100 μM) did not affect voltage-sensitive Na+ channel currents and K+ channel currents, but it potentiated voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel currents, but to a lesser extent, in cultured rat cortical neurons and Neuro-2A cells, a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. Notably, 72-h treatment with d-, l-, and dl-pipecolic acid reduced Neuro-2A cell viability in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μM in a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, in parallel with reactions to propidium iodide, a marker of cell death, and Hoechst 33342, a marker of apoptosis in a fluorescent microscopic study, with dl-pipecolic acid being the most potent. The results of the present study suggest that pipecolic acid could cause hepatic encephalopathy by inducing neuronal cell death, perhaps apoptosis, rather than by depressing neurotransmissions." @default.
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• W2003204240 date "2003-08-01" @default.
• W2003204240 modified "2023-10-03" @default.
• W2003204240 title "Pipecolic acid induces apoptosis in neuronal cells" @default.
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• W2003204240 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02869-5" @default.
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