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- W2003261632 abstract "Abstract A significant amount of research bas been devoted in the past few years to the study of fracture containment in stimulation of low permeability gas reservoirs. One finding of this research is that vertical fracture growth is controlled by contrasts in the in situ stress state. A knowledge of the variation of horizontal stress with depth would aid in the design of well stimulation. The only method available today for determining in situ stress at depths greater than about 200 meters is a small scale hydraulic fracturing technique; stress calculations are based upon several relatively simple measurements; however, at present the economics of sanding the tool downhole on a tubing string are unfavorable. To overcome this problem the design of a self contained tool which operates on a standard seven conductor wireline cable has been undertaken by Terra Tek, Inc.; funding is being provided by the U. S. Department of Energy, Morgantown Energy Technology Center. A major goal of the design effort is to build the tool primarily with commercially available components. The primarily with commercially available components. The basic tool consists of a downhole hydraulic power supply control unit, straddle packers and pressure transducer; it has been designed to function in cased or open holes. Additionally, the tool design incorporates a fracture detection device so that orientation can be determined. In conjunction with the tool design a laboratory investigation utilizing 1 meter cubic samples is being pursued to study the mechanics of stress determination pursued to study the mechanics of stress determination in cased boreholes. Since there is very little published literature on the determination of in situ published literature on the determination of in situ stresses through perforated casing, it is hoped that the laboratory investigations will allow stress determinations in cased wells with the same degree of reliability that now exists for stress determinations in open holes. Introduction As a method of utilizing our nation's energy resources, attention has been focused, in recent years, on the huge gas reserves that exist in massive, low permeability reservoirs. The technique that has been permeability reservoirs. The technique that has been utilized to stimulate these relatively thin, low permeability intervals is a large volume hydraulic permeability intervals is a large volume hydraulic fracturing treatment with an effective treatment radius approaching 100 percent of the drainage radius. The stimulation of a reservoir with the intent to obtain a large treatment radius is known as a Massive Hydraulic-Fracture (MHF) treatment. Hydraulic fracturing treatments are common in production well stimulation, but typically do not achieve the extensive treatment radius; these do not qualify as MHF treatments. In order to achieve a large radial distance of propped fracture, vertical fracture growth must be inhibited by some means. Many of the reservoirs for which MHF treatments are contemplated possess strong natural boundaries but in other instances some method of controlling the vertical fracture growth must be implemented. The application of fundamental fracture mechanics principles to the analysis of fracture propagation in principles to the analysis of fracture propagation in MHF treatments is leading to the rapid development of both qualitative and quantitative predictions of hydraulic fracture growth. Significant input parameters in these analyses are found to be the in situ material properties and the in situ stress state. properties and the in situ stress state. Simplified two dimensional analyses of the problem indicate that as a fracture growing in the pay zone approaches the interface between the pay zone and the adjacent layer its growth in the vertical direction will be impeded if:the shear modulus of the adjacent layer is greater than that of the pay zone; orthe minimum in situ stress of the adjacent layer is greater than the minimum in situ stress in the pay zone (Simonson, et al., 1976). Analysis of data from numerous MHF projects indicates that favorable moduli contrasts are the exception rather than the rule. Knowledge of in situ stress fields offers the key to better design of fracture treatments and control of fracture growth. Techniques for measurement of in situ stress variation within a gas reservoir must be developed into a routine test that is both economic and acceptable to well operators before significant advances in fracturing treatment design technology can be made. P. 123" @default.
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- W2003261632 date "1980-05-18" @default.
- W2003261632 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2003261632 title "A Wireline Hydraulic Fracturing Tool For The Determination Of In Situ Stress Contrasts" @default.
- W2003261632 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/8937-ms" @default.
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