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• W2003288197 abstract "Biosilica, a biocompatible, natural inorganic polymer that is formed by an enzymatic, silicatein-mediated reaction in siliceous sponges to build up their inorganic skeleton, has been shown to be morphogenetically active and to induce mineralization of human osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2) in vitro. In the present study, we prepared beads (microspheres) by encapsulation of β-tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP], either alone (control) or supplemented with silica or silicatein, into the biodegradable copolymer poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) [PLGA]. Under the conditions used, ≈ 5% β-TCP, ≈ 9% silica, and 0.32 μg/mg of silicatein were entrapped into the PLGA microspheres (diameter ≈ 800 μm). Determination of the biocompatibility of the β-TCP microspheres, supplemented with silica or silicatein, revealed no toxicity in the MTT based cell viability assay using SaOS-2 cells. The adherence of SaOS-2 cells to the surface of silica-containing microspheres was higher than for microspheres, containing only β-TCP. In addition, the silica-containing β-TCP microspheres and even more pronounced, a 1:1 mixture of microspheres containing β-TCP and silica, and β-TCP and silicatein, were found to strongly enhance the mineral deposition by SaOS-2 cells. Using these microspheres, first animal experiments with silica/biosilica were performed in female, adult New Zealand White rabbits to study the effect of the inorganic polymer on bone regeneration in vivo. The microspheres were implanted into 5 mm thick holes, drilled into the femur of the animals, applying a bilateral comparison study design (3 test groups with 4–8 animals each). The control implant on one of the two hind legs contained microspheres with only β-TCP, while the test implant on the corresponding leg consisted either of microspheres containing β-TCP and silica, or a 1:1 mixture of microspheres, supplemented with β-TCP and silica, and β-TCP and silicatein. The results revealed that tissue/bone sections of silica containing implants and implants, composed of a 1:1 mixture of silica-containing microspheres and silicatein-containing microspheres, show an enhanced regeneration of bone tissue around the microspheres, compared to the control implants containing only β-TCP. The formation of new bone induced by the microspheres is also evident from measurements of the stiffness/reduced Young's modulus of the regenerated bone tissue. The reduced Young's modulus of the regenerating bone tissue around the implants was markedly higher for the silica-containing microspheres (1.1 MPa), and even more for the 1:1 mixture of the silica- and silicatein-containing microspheres (1.4 MPa), compared to the β-TCP microsphere controls (0.4 MPa). We propose that based on their morphogenetic activity on bone-forming cells in vitro and the results of the animal experiments presented here, silica/biosilica-based scaffolds are promising materials for bone repair/regeneration." @default.
• W2003288197 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2003288197 date "2014-10-01" @default.
• W2003288197 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2003288197 title "Bioactive and biodegradable silica biomaterial for bone regeneration" @default.
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• W2003288197 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2014.07.025" @default.
• W2003288197 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25088401" @default.
• W2003288197 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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