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• W2003304734 abstract "More than 40 quasars have been discovered at redshifts of z ≈ 6, at an epoch when the Universe was less than a billion years old or just 7% of its current age. Surprisingly, the properties of these distant quasars seem almost indistinguishable from those at lower redshifts, suggesting that they are evolved objects. Now with the discovery of a second z ≈ 6 quasar without hot-dust emission, and evidence from others that hot dust accumulates in tandem with the growth of the central black hole, comes confirmation that these extremely distant quasars are indeed less evolved than their lower-redshift equivalents. The two dust-free quasars may be first-generation quasars born in dust-free environments that are too young to have formed a detectable amount of hot dust around them. The most distant quasars known, at redshifts z ≈ 6, generally have the same properties as lower-redshift quasars, implying that although the Universe was young at z ≈ 6, such quasars are still evolved objects. One z ≈ 6 quasar was shown to have no detectable emission from hot dust, but it was not clear whether it was an outlier. Now, a second quasar without hot-dust emission has been discovered in a sample of 21 z ≈ 6 quasars. Moreover, hot-dust abundance in these quasars builds up as the central black hole grows. The most distant quasars known, at redshifts z ≈ 6, generally have properties indistinguishable from those of lower-redshift quasars in the rest-frame ultraviolet/optical and X-ray bands1,2,3. This puzzling result suggests that these distant quasars are evolved objects even though the Universe was only seven per cent of its current age at these redshifts. Recently one z ≈ 6 quasar was shown not to have any detectable emission from hot dust4, but it was unclear whether that indicated different hot-dust properties at high redshift or if it is simply an outlier. Here we report the discovery of a second quasar without hot-dust emission in a sample of 21 z ≈ 6 quasars. Such apparently hot-dust-free quasars have no counterparts at low redshift. Moreover, we demonstrate that the hot-dust abundance in the 21 quasars builds up in tandem with the growth of the central black hole, whereas at low redshift it is almost independent of the black hole mass. Thus z ≈ 6 quasars are indeed at an early evolutionary stage, with rapid mass accretion and dust formation. The two hot-dust-free quasars are likely to be first-generation quasars born in dust-free environments and are too young to have formed a detectable amount of hot dust around them." @default.
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• W2003304734 date "2010-03-01" @default.
• W2003304734 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
• W2003304734 title "Dust-free quasars in the early Universe" @default.
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• W2003304734 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08877" @default.
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